Cognate Set 1219 – Meaning: big

IE-CoR reference form:
*u̯elH-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Slavic lexemes generally connected to PIE 1. *u̯elH- 'to be strong, have power' (Derksen 2008:514).
Found in clades:
Slavic
Found in 1 clade by 17 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
98   Belarusian vâlìkì вялікі vʲaˈlʲikʲi vʲaˈlʲiki
93   Czech velký ˈvɛlkiː ˈvelkiː
95   Sorbian: Lower wjeliki ˈwĕɛlʲikʲi ˈwjeliki
94   Sorbian: Upper wulki ˈwulkʲi ˈwulki
83   Serbo-Croat velik ˈvɛ̌ɫik ˈvělik
91   Slovak veľký ˈvɛlʲkiː ˈvelʲkiː
85   Slovene velik ˈʋɛ́ːlik ˈvɛ́ːlik
99   Ukrainian velikij великий vɛ̽ˈɫɪkɪ̽j vɛˈlɪkɪj
78   Old Church Slavonic velikŭ вєликъ ʋɛlikʊ̆ velikʊ An alternative lexeme is 'вєлии', with the same root.
90   Polabian vilťĕ ˈvilcɘ ˈvilcɘ
89   Kashubian wiôldżi ˈvjɛldʒi ˈvjeldʒi
87   Old Polish wieli, wiel(i)ki ˈvʲɛlʲiː, ˈvʲɛlʲ(i)(kɨː/kʲiː) ˈvʲelʲiː, ˈvʲelʲ(i)k/ɡiː
92   Old Czech veliký ˈβɛlikɨː ˈveljikiː
96   Old Novgorod velikyi великыи ʋʲɛˈlʲikʲɛjɪ̆ vʲɛˈlʲikɛjɪ
100   Rusyn velɪ́kωj (v/β)ɛˈlɪkɤ̟j veˈlɪkɯj
86   Slovene: Kostel velik ˈvɛːle̝k ˈvɛːle̝k
84   Slovene: Early Modern velik
References
  • Bezlaj, France: 294-295
    PS *velĭ is most probably a reflex of PIE *u̯elH- 'be strong, have power, rule' and related to Old Nordic olla '(he) ruled', Latin valēre 'be strong', and Tocharian A walo, Tocharian B wäl 'king'. A relationship to PIE *u̯el- 'push, squeeze, turn' and Greek ἅλις is less likely.
  • Boryś, W.: 693-694
    There is no certain etymology. The meaning points to PS velěti 'command'. It can be related to Latin volgus, vulgus 'people, heap, great ammount', Greek ἅλῐς 'in plenty, numerous', Tocharian B walke 'long, far', wälts 'thousand'.
  • Derksen, Rick: 514
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *velikъ 'big, great', from PIE *uelh₁- 'to be strong' (cf. Lat. valeō 'be strong, well').
  • Rix, Helmut: 676-677
    Cf. s.v. 1. *u̯elH- 'stark sein, Gewalt haben' (IEW 1111-2).
  • Schuster-Šewc, H.: 1612, 1704-1705
    PIE *u̯el- 'to force, press', related to Latin valeo 'be strong, healthy', Greek εἰλω 'I force, I press', Tocharian A wäl 'prince, emperor'. It can be also linked to OCS velěti 'want, order'.
  • Snoj, Marko:
    PIE *u̯elH- 'be strong, have power, rule'. It is related to Old Irish follnadar 'he rules', Old Nordic olla 'he ruled', Latin valēre 'be strong', Tocharian A walo, B wäl ‛king’. Linking to Greek ἅλῐς 'many', Latin vulgus 'people', Old Indic várga- 'group', Breton awalc'h 'enough', Welsh gwala 'a large number, enough' (PIE *u̯el-) is less probable.
  • Vasmer, Max: 289
    It is related to Tocharian A wäl 'prince, emperor', Tocharian B wal 'prince, emperor' and walke 'long, further', Greek Ϝἄλις 'enough', εἴλω, εἰλέω 'press, squeeze'.