Cognate Set 1222 – Meaning: cloud

	Language	Lexeme	Native script	Phonetic	Phonemic	Notes
99	Ukrainian	hmara	хмара	ˈxmɑ̈ɾɐ	ˈxmara
88	Polish	chmura		ˈxmuɾɑ̈	ˈxmura
89	Kashubian	chmùra		ˈxmwɘ̟ɾɑ̈	ˈxmʉra	An alternative lexeme is 'blón(a)' which is used in some other dialects.
100	Rusyn	xmára		ˈxmɑ̈rɑ̈	ˈxmara

References

Beekes, Robert: 84

"Substrate origin is probable anyhow, as the word has no etymology".

Boryś, W.: 63

PS *xmura / *smura is sometimes linked to Greek ἀμαυρός 'shadowy, pale, dark'. PS *xmara is doubless related to *xmura / *smura. The vowel -a- can be a result of a contamination (for example with *mara 'dream, shadow of a dead person, phantasm, ghost').

Trubačev, O. N.: 8: 42-44

PS *xmura (along with *smurŭ) is related to Greek ἀμαυρός 'dark'. PS *xmara is a contamination of *xmura and *mara.

Vasmer, Max: 3: 212-213, 693-694, 4: 249, 250

Russian words hmura, smuryj, pasmurnyj, xmara, smuryj, muryj (meanings 'cloud', 'dark', 'dark grey' etc.) are related to Old Icelandic meyrr 'dark, friable' and Greek ἀμαυρός 'shadowy, pale, dark'. The initial x- is probably expressive. The internal -a- is possibly a result of a contamination with another word (for example para, par 'vapour' or mar' 'fog').