Cognate Set 1247 – Meaning: thick

IE-CoR reference form:
*teu̯(h₂)k-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
There are enormous difficulties in reconciling this group of related Balto-Slavic lexemes to a PIE proto-form. Cf. ALEW 1081, Derksen 2008:499-500, Derksen 2015:459-460 for further discussion. A contamination or blend of between two roots *teu̯h₂- (LIV² 639-640) and *teu̯k- (LIV² 641) is a possibility. Cf. also Proto-Germanic *ϸeuha- 'thigh' in cognate set 6956. The PIE root reference form *teu̯(h₂)k- is provisional only.
Found in clades:
Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 9 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
98   Belarusian tojsty тоўсты ˈtɔwstɨ ˈtovsti
95   Sorbian: Lower tłusty ˈtwustɘ̟ ˈtwustɘ̟
94   Sorbian: Upper tołsty ˈtostɘ̟ ˈtostɘ̟
97   Russian tolstyj толстый ˈtɔɫstɘj ˈtolstij
99   Ukrainian tovstij товстий tɔwˈstɪj tovˈstɪj An alternative lexeme is 'грубий'.
93   Czech tlustý ˈtlustiː ˈtlustiː
90   Polabian tåustĕ, tustĕ ˈtɒustɘ, ˈtustɘ ˈtɒustɘ, ˈtustɘ Two different phonetic forms reflect a dialectal differentiation.
92   Old Czech tlustý ˈtɫustɨː ˈtlustiː
100   Rusyn tọwstώj towsˈtɤ̟j tovsˈtɯj
References
  • Boryś, W.: 636, 652-653
    PS *tlŭstŭ is derived from PIE *tu-l- / tū-l-, ultimately from *teu̯(ə)- / *tēu̯- / *tū̆- 'swell'. PS *tukŭ is derived from PIE *teu̯-k-, ultimately from *tēu̯(ə)- / *tēu̯- / *təu̯ / *tū 'swell'.
  • Derksen, Rick: 459-460
    S.v. Lith. taukaĩ 'fat' (Latv. tàuki 'fat', OPr. taukis 'lard'). The Balto-Slavic lexemes presuppose PIE *tou̯Hk-o-, with the root *teu̯Hk- possibly being a contamination of *teu̯H- and *teu̯k- or an extension of *teu̯H-. For *teu̯H-, Derksen cites Serbo-Croat tȉti 'become fat' as a derivation. He regards the root form 2.?*teu̯k- postulated by LIV² as shaky, noting that Lithuanian tùkti was no evidence for a non-acute root.
  • Derksen, Rick: 499-500
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *tučьnъ 'fat, rich'. The Balto-Slavic lexemes presuppose PIE *tou̯Hk-o-, with the root *teu̯Hk- possibly being a contamination of *teu̯H- and teu̯k- or an extension of *teu̯H-.
  • Hock, Wolfgang and Fecht, Rainer and Feulner, Anna Helene and Hill, Eugen and Wodtko, Dagmar S.: 1081
    Lithuanian taukaĩ could be explained as *tou̯h₂-kó- from PIE *teu̯h₂-. The other Baltic lexemes however are better derived from *teu̯k-. This root *teu̯k- would also be sufficient to explain OIr. tón 'bottom'. Thus taukaĩ either is a substantival Vrddhi-form, or we see in Baltic a contamination of two different, pre-existing forms *tou̯h₂-kó- and *tou̯k-ó-.
  • Rix, Helmut: 639-640, 641
    Cf. s.v. *teu̯h₂- 'schwellen, stark werden' (IEW 1080-1) and ?2.*teu̯k- 'stark/fett werden, schwellen' (IEW 1081). The nominal forms such as OCS tukъ 'fat', OIr. tón f. 'bottom' and Old Norse þjó 'thigh' are assigned to the latter. Latvian tauks 'fat' and OIr. tón both from *tŭknā-.
  • Vasmer, Max: III:117
    S.v. Russ. толстый 'dick', from Proto-Slavic *tъlstъ, related to Lith. tulžti, tulštù, tulžaũ 'anschwellen, weich werden'.