Cognate Set 1580 – Meaning: back

IE-CoR reference form:
*pleth₂-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Hellenic and Slavic lexemes derived from PIE *pleth₂- 'be(come) wide, broad' (NIL 564-566; cf. Beekes 2010:1205, Derksen 2008:404).
Found in clades:
Hellenic, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough, Lechosław Jocz
Found in 2 clades by 7 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
8   Greek: Modern Std plátī πλάτη ˈplati ˈplati in pl., πλάτες 'shoulders'
88   Polish plecy ˈplɛtsɘ̟ ˈpletsɨ
89   Kashubian plecë ˈplɛtsɛ ˈpletsʌ
14   Tsakonian: Propontis p(l/ou)átī π(λ/ου)άτη ˈp(ʟ/w)ati ˈplati
10   Greek: Pontic plátī πλάτη ˈplati ˈplati
12   Greek: Italiot pláī πλάη ˈplai ˈplai Ap.
100   Rusyn plẹ́či ˈpletʂi ˈpletʂi The meaning is 'upper back'.
References
  • Babinotis, George: 1113
    S.v. πλάτη. The Modern Greek words derive from Ancient Greek πλάτη 'broad, flat object', (as pl. πλάται 'shoulder-blades', cf. LSJ).
  • Beekes, Robert: 1205
    S.v. Ancient Greek πλατύς 'wide, broad, flat, level'. The Greek forms derive from a zero-grade *pl̥th₂-ú- which is identical to IIr. forms, e.g. Skt. pr̥thú-, Av. pərəθu- 'wide, broad' (√*pleth₂-).
  • Bezlaj, France: 3: 52
    PS *pleťe derived from PIE *pletH-.
  • Boryś, W.: 440
    PS *pleťe < *plet-jo 'shoudler, upper back' < PIE *plet- 'wide, flat'.
  • Derksen, Rick: 404
    Cf. s.v. Proto-Slavic *pletje 'shoulder', a derivative of the root *pleth₂- 'broad'.
  • Jocz, Lechosław:
    The Slavic lexemes are derived from PIE *pleth₂-. The original meaning of PS *pleťe was most probably 'shoulder'. Note that all Slavic languages using derivatives of this root in the meaning 'back' use the old dual form here ('two shoulders'). All stages of semantic development ('shoulder(s)', 'upper back', 'back') are attested in Slavic.
  • Liosis, Nikos:
    Regarding the lack of -τ- in Italiot, πλάη < πλάτη (with intervocalic -t- deletion in Apulian, cf. Ap. στρα < στράτα ‘road’ etc.).
  • Schuster-Šewc, H.: 1098-1099
    Most probably a reflex of PS *pletje derived from PIE *plet-jo. In the reconstruction proposed by Vasmer (*plektjo) is -t- hard to explain. Maybe there were two parallel forms with two different roots *plet-je and *plek-je which are attested in simmilar meanings also in Baltic.
  • Vasmer, Max: 281
    Taking Russian forms like podoplëka, beloplëkij into account, it can be reconstructed as PS *plektjo which is then related to Greek πλάξ, πλακός, Old Icelandic flá and Latin placidus. If the mentioned Russian forms with -k- are secondary, it is a reflex of PS *pletjo, related to Irish leithe 'shoulder blade', Greek πλατύς 'wide' and Lithuanian platùs 'wide'.
  • Wodtko, Dagmar S. and Irslinger, Britta and Schneider, Carolin: 564
    S.v. *pleth₂- 'breit werden, sich ausbreiten' (LIV 486f., IEW 833).
  • Šapošnikov, A. K.: 151
    Reflex of IE *plet-, related to Lithuanian plesti 'extend' and platùs 'wide', Middle Irish leithe 'shoulder', and Greek πλατύς 'wide'. The Russian word podoplëka is derived from PIE *plek-.