Cognate Set 2028 – Meaning: bite

IE-CoR reference form:
*gʷreu̯Hg̑ʰ-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Slavic lexemes derived from PIE *gʷreu̯Hg̑ʰ- (ALEW 356, Snoj 1997-2016. This root is not reconstructed by LIV², nor are any comparanda outside Balto-Slavic given by Derksen 2008, Derksen 2015, but the comparison with AGk. βρῡ́χω 'grind the teeth' < *gʷruHg̑ʰ- appears reasonable formally and semantically (cf. Beekes 2010:244).
Found in clades:
Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough, Lechosław Jocz
Found in 1 clade by 9 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
88   Polish gryźć ɡɾɘ̟ɕtɕ ɡrɨʑtɕ
83   Serbo-Croat gristi ˈɡɾîsti ˈɡrîzti
85   Slovene gristi ˈɡɾìːsti ˈɡrìːzti
78   Old Church Slavonic grysti грысти ɡrɯsti ɡrɯzti An alternative form is 'грызати' (not attested in the Canon). In the Canon it occurs rather in a meaning 'gnaw'.
91   Slovak hrýzť ɦɾiːsc ɦriːzc
89   Kashubian grëzc ɡɾʌsts ɡrʌzts
87   Old Polish gryźć ɡrɨʑ/ɕtɕ ɡriʑtɕ 'Kąsać' is less frequently used and refers to a more brutal act.
86   Slovene: Kostel gristi ɡɾiːst ɡriːzt
84   Slovene: Early Modern griſti
References
  • Beekes, Robert: 244
    Cf. s.v. AGk. βρῡ́κω 'to bite, eat greedily' beside βρῡ́χω 'grind the teeth' < PIE *gʷruHg̑ʰ- (cf. OCS gryzǫ, grysti 'gnaw', Lith. gráužiu, gráužti 'id.').
  • Boryś, W.: 183
    PIE *gʷrēu̯-g̑ʰ-.
  • Derksen, Rick: 194-195
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *grỳzti 'gnaw' (ESSJa VII 160-161), from Balto-Slavic *gr(o)uʔź- (cf. Lith. gráužti 'gnaw', Latv. graûzt 'gnaw'). [No etymology given outside of Balto-Slavic].
  • Derksen, Rick: 185
    Cf. s.v. Lith. gráužti 'gnaw'. [No etymology given outside of Balto-Slavic.]
  • Hock, Wolfgang and Fecht, Rainer and Feulner, Anna Helene and Hill, Eugen and Wodtko, Dagmar S.: 356
    Cf. s.v. Lith. gráužti 'nagen, benagen' (BSl. cf. Latv. graûzt 'nagen; reiben, wund reiben' OCS grysti, gryzǫ 'nagen, beißen), from PIE *gʷreu̯g̑- 'nagen', cf. Gk. βρύχω 'mit den Zähnen knirschen', βρύκω 'beißen, gierig abfressen', βρύγμος 'beißend, schlingend; mit den Zähnen klappernd, schaudernd'.
  • Snoj, Marko:
    S.v. Sloven. gristi < PIE *gʷreu̯Hg̑-.
  • Trubačev, O. N.: 7:160-161
    PS *gryzti / *gryzati, related to Lithuanian gráužti and Latvian graûzt. PIE *g(ʰ)reu̯- 'rub, crumb' with a root extention.