Cognate Set 2183 – Meaning: back

IE-CoR reference form:
*hrugja-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Germanic
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Germanic lexemes continuing Proto-Germanic *hrugja- 'ridge; back'. Etymology outside of Germanic uncertain, cf. Kroonen 2013:250, Kluge 2011:775 for further discussion.
Found in clades:
Germanic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 16 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
114   Frisian rêch rɛːx Removed RUG.
122   German Rücken ˈʁʏkŋ̍ ˈʁʏkən
116   Dutch rug rʏχ
109   Swedish rygg rʏɡː rʏɡː
105   Norwegian: Bokmål rygg ɾʏɡː rʏɡː
117   Flemish rug
121   Luxembourgish Réck ʀek ʀek
107   Elfdalian rygg ryɡː ryɡː
110   Danish ryg ˈʁœɡ removed baɡ.
108   Old Swedish rygger ˈryɡːer ryɡːer Based on citations, these seem to be true synonyms
123   German: Bernese Rügge ̊ rʏɡ̊ɡ̊ə rʏɡ̊ɡ̊ə
119   Old High German rucki ˈrykki ˈrukki
120   Middle High German rücke ˈrykkə ˈrykkə
111   Old English hryċġ r̥ydd͡ʒ hryjj
115   Middle Dutch rugghe ˈryɡɡə ˈryɣɣə
106   Norwegian: Nynorsk rygg ɾʏɡː rʏɡː
References
  • Kluge, Friedrich: 775
    S.v. NHG Rücken (MHG ruck(e), rück(e), OHG hrucci, ruggi, rucke, OS hruggi), from Proto-Germanic *hrugja- 'Rücken', also found in ON hryggr, OE hrycg, OFr. hregg, of unclear origin. The closest possible comparison is OIr. crocenn 'Rücken' (in which case from PIE *kr̥kn-), but this word is attested only once in a gloss (the corresponding normally has the meaning 'Haut'). Possibly the same basis *keru- might be found in Ved. karū́kara- 'Wirbel des Halses und des Rückgeräts' and Lat. cervīx 'Nacken, Halswirbel', but the part of the k-suffix is unclear.
  • Kroonen, Guus: 250
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *hrugja- 'ridge; back'. No certain connections outside of Germanic.