Cognate Set 2318 – Meaning: man

IE-CoR reference form:
*g̑erh₂-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Lexemes continuing Proto-Germanic *kerla- ~ *karla- 'man, freeman', a derivative of PIE *g̑erh₂- 'to wear down, make old' (de Vries 1977:301, Orel 2003:210, Kroonen 2013:285, cf. LIV² 165-166).
Found in clades:
Germanic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 1 lexeme.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
107   Elfdalian kall kɑlː kɑlː
References
  • Kroonen, Guus: 285
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *kerla- ~ *karla- 'man, freeman', from PIE *g̑erh₂-ol-, (cf. TochB śrāy, pl. śrān- 'adult man' < *g̑erh̥₂-n-; Skt. járant- 'old man', Oss. zærond 'old', Arm. cer(un) 'old; old man', Gk. γέρων, -οντος 'old man' < *g̑erh₂-ont-).
  • Orel, Vladimir: 210
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *karlaz ~ kerlaz, further derived from IE *g̑er(ə)- 'to ripen, to grow old, to become frail', cf. Skt. járant- 'old', Arm. cer id., Gk. γέρων 'old man', etc.
  • Rix, Helmut: 165-166
    Cf. s.v. *g̑erh₂- 'aufreiben, alt machen' (IEW 390-1).
  • de Vries, Jan: 301
    S.v. karl 'mann', esp. 'alter mann' (cf. OHG karl 'mann, ehemann', OE ceorl 'freier mann der niederigsten klasse'), outside Germanic cf. Gk. γέρων 'greis', Ved. jarati 'lässt altern', OCS žirěti 'reifen', Arm. cer 'greis' (IEW 390).