Cognate Set 46 – Meaning: fruit

IE-CoR reference form:
*migda(ka)-
IE-CoR reference language:
Iranic
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Loan event:
yes
Parallel loan event:
no
Loan source language:
?West Semitic
Loan notes:
Cf. Biblical Hebrew מֶגֶד 'choice produce', Syriac maγδā 'fruit'
Justification:
As though continuing a Iranic stem *migda(ka)- 'fruit'; a probable loanword from West Semitic, cf. Biblical Hebrew מֶגֶד 'choice produce', Syriac maγδā 'fruit', etc. (cf. Henning 1947:56).
Found in clades:
Iranic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 14 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
67   Persian: Tehran mīwah میوه miːve mive
71   Kumzari maywa mɛjwɐ mɐjwɐ
54   Bactrian myγdyg miɣdiːɡ in the Manichaean fragment
62   Tati mive mive
63   Mazanderani mive mive
68   Bakhtiari mive miʋe miʋe
69   Delvari mive mive
70   Lari miva miva
57   Kurdish C.: Jafi miwa miwæ
64   Balochi: Sistani nīwag niwæɡ
60   Hawrami mēwa meːwæ
58   Kurdish S.: Elami mīwa miːwa
61   Raji: Barzoki miʋạ miβ̞a̠ˁ miʋa̠ˁ
59   Kurdish S.: Qorveh miwa miwæ
References
  • Henning, Walter Bruno: 56
    "(23) mygdyyn " consisting of fruit ". In M 93, 14b, mygdg "' fruit " occurs. Sogdian myδ'kw (etc.) =maγδe " fruit " and MPers. myw (Mir.Man., i), Pers. meve "fruit " (for which Morgenstierne proposed a different origin, Acta Orientalia, i, 272) belong here; MPers. mew < *mey from *maδg (miδg ?) with metathesis. The Parthian, Sogdian, and Persian words, in conjunction, prove Old Iranian *migda- (and *migdaka-) " fruit "; all of them are collective nouns. This Old Iranian migda- " fruit " cannot well be separated from the Aramaic and Hebrew migdā (etc.) "fruit ", words which are often mis-translated because of etymological considerations (√mgd in Arabic and Palmyrene). Syriac maγδā means nothing but "fruit ", and so does Talm. mygd' (mgd'), for which Levy, iii, 12, gives Kostbarkeit, kostliche Frucht, while the passage he quotes has b-'sprmqy w-mgdy, evidently " with flowers (MPers. isparhmag) and fruit . Biblical Hebrew mä́gäd, in Deut., 33:13 sqq., and unquestionably in Cant., 413, 16, 714, means " fruit ", both literally and metaphorically (" fruit of heaven ", etc.); Brown-Driver-Briggs say " excellence: excellent or choice things; always of gifts of nature…"