| Language | Lexeme | Native script | Phonetic | Phonemic | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | Greek: Ancient | órnis | ὄρνις | ó̞rniːs | ó̞rniːs | G.sg. ὄρνιθος. General word including senses of 'bird of prey' and types of 'domesticated fowl'. |
| 5 | Greek: Mycenaean | o-ni-ti-ja-pi | 𐀃𐀛𐀴𐀊𐀠 | orniːtʰii̯apʰi | orniːtʰii̯apʰi | Interpreted as the instrumental plural of an adjective *ὀρνίθιος (*ὀρνιθίαφι(ν)) meaning 'decorated with birds', referring to the ornamentation of a to-no *θόρνος 'chair' in PY Ta 707.1. The lexeme ὄρνῑς 'bird' is not otherwise attested in Mycenaean. Cf. Attic ὄρνις (stem: ὀρνιθ-) lexeme 18660. |
| 7 | Greek: New Testament | órneon | ὄρνεον | ˈo̞rne̞o̞n | ˈo̞rne̞o̞n | 3x at Rv. 18:2, 19:17, 19:21; cf. ὄρνις used at Mt. 23:37, Lk. 13:34, but specifically referring to a hen. |
| 10 | Greek: Pontic | órnö(n) | όρνο̈(ν) | ˈo̞rnø̞(n) | ˈo̞rnio̞(n) |
S.v. ὄρνεον 'bird' < PIE *h₃er-n- 'bird'. Both ὄρνῑς and the alternative form ὄρνεον share an n-stem suffix with words in Germanic and Anatolian meaning 'eagle' *h₃er-n- (cf. Goth. ara, ONor. ari and ǫrn, OEng. earn, Hitt. ḫāran-. Greek ὄρνῑς is expanded from a feminine stem (transponat) *h₃er-n-ih₂- which has added an extra -θ- in the oblique stem.
S.v. AGk. ὄρνις, ὄρνεον. The root of the Greek word is found in the word for 'eagle' in Hittite and Germanic: Hitt. ḫar-aš, gen. ḫaranaš, Goth. ara (gen. *arins), ON are and ǫrn, OEng. earn, OHG aro, aru. There exist parallel forms in -l- in Baltic and Slavic: Lith. erẽlis, arẽlis, Latv. ḕrglis (from *ḕrdlis), OCS ŏrĭlŭ 'aigle', cf. [IEW](src-49) 325f.
Cf. s.v. *h₃er- 'sich in (Fort-)Bewegung setzen' (IEW 326-9).
