Cognate Set 5157 – Meaning: sweet

IE-CoR reference form:
*sal-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Balto-Slavic lexemes derived from PIE *sal- 'salt' ({ref NIL 586-590, cf. ALEW 586-587, Derksen 2015:387-388, Derksen 2008:459. Cf. 'salt' in cognate set 283 for further discussion of the root reconstruction.
Found in clades:
Balto-Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 22 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
88   Polabian slåtťă ˈslɒtcɜ ˈslɒtcɜ Neuter. The word is translated in the Polabian corpus as equivalent of German 'unsalted' (it is common to divide food in 'sweet' and 'salted'). By the way, Slavic words for 'sweet' and 'salted' have a common root (the semantic development of 'sweet' is 'salted'>'tasty'>'sweet').
87   Kashubian słodczi ˈswɔttʃi ˈswodtʃi Northern Kashubian dialects use 'miodny' (*<'honey-like').
76   Old Church Slavonic sladŭkŭ сладъкъ slɑdʊkʊ̆ sladʊkʊ
86   Polish słodki ˈswɔtkʲi ˈswodci
93   Sorbian: Lower słodki ˈswɔtkʲi ˈswodki
92   Sorbian: Upper słódki ˈswʊtkʲi ˈswʊdki
83   Slovene sladek ˈslɑ̈̀ːdək ˈslàːdək
91   Czech sladký ˈslɑ̈tkiː ˈsladkiː
89   Slovak sladký ˈslɑ̈tkiː ˈsladkiː
97   Ukrainian solodkij солодкий sɔˈɫɔdkɪ̽j soˈlodkɪj
96   Belarusian salodkì салодкі sɑ̈ˈɫɔtkʲi soˈlodki
78   Macedonian sladok сладок ˈsɫɑ̈dɔk ˈsladok
77   Bulgarian slad″k сладък ˈsɫɑ̈dək ˈsladɤk 'благ' in the meaning 'sweet' is dialectal.
81   Serbo-Croat sladak ˈsɫɑ̈̂dɑ̈k ˈslâdak
72   Latvian salds sɑlts sɑlts
73   Latgalian soldons ˈsɔldɔnts sɔldɔns
74   Lithuanian saldùs sɐlˈdʊs salˈdʊs
85   Old Polish słodki ˈsɫɔd/t(kɨː/kʲiː) ˈslodkiː
90   Old Czech sladký ˈsɫɑ̈dkɨː ˈsladkiː
98   Rusyn solótkωj sɔˈlŭɔtkɤ̟j soˈlodkɯj
84   Slovene: Kostel sladek ˈslɑ̈dɑ̈k ˈsladak
82   Slovene: Early Modern ſladák
References
  • Derksen, Rick: 459
    Proto-Slavic *sòldъkъ 'sweet', an enlargement of PIE *sh₂el- 'salt' (cf. Goth. salt). The Slavic forms have an additional suffix in -k- from earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *solʔdus (Lith. saldùs, Latv. sal̂ds).
  • Derksen, Rick: 387-388
    S.v. Lith. saldùs (Latv. sal̂ds 'sweet'). The root is an enlargement (with *d) of PIE *sh₂el- 'salt', cf. Goth. salt 'salt' which may have been added on analogy to *sueh₂du- 'sweet'.
  • Hock, Wolfgang and Fecht, Rainer and Feulner, Anna Helene and Hill, Eugen and Wodtko, Dagmar S.: 586-587
    S.v. OLith. saldùs 'süß' (BSl. Latv. sal̂ds, 'süß, angenehm', OCS sladъkъ 'süß', etc.), IE cognates include Arm. ałtkʻ 'Salz', Lat. sallō, -ere, salsus 'salzen', OIr. saillid 'salzt', Goth. salt 'Salz', saltan 'salzen', etc. Lith. saldùs belongs to an array of words which phonologically have to go back to a pre-form *sald- and may be understood morphologically as a conjunction of PIE *sal- 'Salz' and the root *deh₃ - 'geben'.
  • Wodtko, Dagmar S. and Irslinger, Britta and Schneider, Carolin: 586-590
    S.v. *sal- 'Salz' (IEW 878f., EIEC 498), reconstructing a stem *sal-dh₃-u- for the Balto-Slavic forms.