Cognate Set 580 – Meaning: come

IE-CoR reference form:
gam
IE-CoR reference language:
Armenian: Classical
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Possibly an unextended form of the root *u̯eh₂dʰ- found in Latin vādo, -ere 'to go, walk, rush' (Martirosyan 2010:196; cf. Klingenschmitt 1982:86). The alternative proposed etymology to *⁽g̑⁾ʰeh₁- 'to come, arrive' depends on whether the Indo-Iranic lexemes (Av. za-zā-mi 'to leave' Skt. já-hā-ti 'to leave, abandon') are to be connected with the Germanic and Armenian ones (cf. EWAia II:813-814, Martirosyan 2010:196 for further discussion). The root etymology here follows Martirosyan 2010, but cf. LIV² 196 s.v. *gʰeh₁- and 644 s.v. *u̯eh₂dʰ- 'durchschreiten'.
Found in clades:
Armenian
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 3 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
17   Armenian: Western gal գալ kʰɑl kʰɑl
16   Armenian: Eastern gal գալ ɡɑl ɡ(-)ɑ-l
15   Armenian: Classical gam գամ ɡɑm ɡɑ-m
References
  • Klingenschmitt, Gert: 86
    Armenian ga- has been considered since Meillet, Esquisse, S.134 to a root *u̯ā- that may be seen in an extended form *u̯ā-dʰ- in Latin uādō, uādere 'gehen, schreiten', uadum 'seichte Stelle im Wasser', Furt' and Germanic *u̯ada- 'waten' (cf. OHG waten, ON waϸa 'waten', etc.). This possibility cannot be a priori excluded, cf., e.g. *leh₂-dʰ- in Gk. λανθανε/ο- 'verborgen sein' < *lh₂-n-dʰ-, ληθε/ο- < *lah₂dʰe/o- vs. *leh₂- in Lat. lateō 'verborgen sein'. There are semantic difficulties, however, since Latin uadum and the Germanic cognates have the connections to wading or moving through water. Better is a connection to the root *gʰeh₁- 'erreichen, kommen zu' (cf. Gk. κικη- 'erreichen').
  • Martirosyan, Hrach: 196
    S.v. Arm. gam, suppletive aor. ek- 'to come', usually interpreted as an athematic verb *u̯eh₂(-dʰ)-mi (cf. Hitt. uu̯ami 'to come', Lat. vādere 'to go, walk, rush', Welsh go-di-wawd 'overtook' < *u̯eh₂dʰ-, OIc. vaða, OHG watan 'to advance, wade' < *u̯h₂dʰ-. The connection of the Hittite verb is uncertain ([Kloekhorst 2008](src-80):992)). The comparison with Greek κιχάνω 'to reach, arrive, meet' ([Hübschmann 1897](src-564):441, [Klingenschmitt 1982](src-558):86 is untenable since this root has an initial palatovelar *g̑ʰ- (cf. Av. za-zā-mi 'to leave' Skt. já-hā-ti 'to leave, abandon', etc. (cf. [EWAia](src-172) II:813-814).
  • Rix, Helmut: 196, 664
    S.v. *gʰeh₁- 'kommen, erreichen' (IEW 418-9, 1109); cf. s.v. *u̯eh₂dʰ- 'durchschreiten' (IEW 1109), without Armenian lexemes connected.