Cognate Set 7700 – Meaning: dig

	Language	Lexeme	Native script	Phonetic	Phonemic	Notes
79	Bulgarian	kopaâ	копая	kuˈpɑ̈jə	koˈpajɤ	An alternative lexeme is 'рия' which, however, refers normally to digging with the foot or muzzle.
98	Belarusian	kapac′	капаць	kɑ̈ˈpɑ̈tsʲ	koˈpatsʲ	An alternative lexeme 'рыць' is used for animals.
93	Czech	kopat		ˈkɔpɑ̈t	ˈkopat	An alternative lexeme is 'rýt' but in contextes like in the "Description" the verb 'kopat' is used.
80	Macedonian	kopa	копа	ˈko̞pɑ̈	ˈkopa	An alternative lexeme is 'рие' [ri.ɛ]. However, some dictionaries suggest that this word is used for animals only.
88	Polish	kopać		ˈkɔpɑ̈tɕ	ˈkopatɕ	Lit. 'to kick a hole' but means 'to dig with a spade'; also 'to kick'.
83	Serbo-Croat	kopati		ˈkɔ̌pɑ̈ti	ˈkǒpati
91	Slovak	kopať		ˈkɔpɑ̈c	ˈkopac
85	Slovene	kopati		kɔˈpɑ̈̀ːti	kɔˈpàːti
99	Ukrainian	kopati	копати	kɔˈpɑ̈tɪ̽	koˈpatɪ
78	Old Church Slavonic	kopati	копати	kɔpɑti	kopati	A possible alternative lexeme would be 'рыти' but in the canon it is attested in meaning 'tear, gnaw'.
89	Kashubian	kòpac		ˈkwɛpɑ̈ts	ˈkopats
97	Russian	kopat'	копать	kɐˈpɑ̈tsʲ	koˈpatʲ
87	Old Polish	kopać		ˈkɔpa̠tɕ	ˈkopatɕ	An alternative lexeme is 'ryć'. However, it does not necessarily refer to making a hole.
92	Old Czech	kopati		ˈkɔpɑ̈ci	ˈkopatji
81	Macedonian: Suho	kupàjam		kuˈpɑ̈jɐm	kuˈpajam
82	Macedonian: Visoka	kupan′è		kupaˈnʲe̞	kupaˈne	Gerund.
86	Slovene: Kostel	kopati		ˈkɔːpɑ̈t	ˈkɔːpat
84	Slovene: Early Modern	kopati
100	Rusyn	kopátɪ		kɔˈpɑ̈tɘ̟	koˈpatɪ

References

Derksen, Rick: 233

S.v. Proto-Slavic *kopati 'dig' (ESSJa XI 18-20), from PIE *(s)kop- (cf. Lith. kapóti 'chop, hew', Latv. kapât 'chop, hew', Gk. κόπτω 'beat, hit').

Rix, Helmut: 555

S.v. 1. *(s)kep- 'hacken, hauen' (IEW 931-2).

Trubačev, O. N.: 11: 18-20

The Slavic lexeme is related to Lithuanian kapóti 'chop', Latvian kapât 'chop', Old Prussian en-kopts 'buried', further with Armenian kop'em 'chop, cut', New Persian kāvad, kāfat 'dig' and Greek κόπτω 'chop', σκάπτω 'dig'.