Cognate Set 8235 – Meaning: turn

IE-CoR reference form:
*terkʷ-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Proposed as cognate to:
*trep- [Proto-Indo-European] scale: 1
Justification:
Generally compared to Lat. torqueō from a causative-iterative stem *torkʷ-éi̯e/o- 'twist' (Aura Jorro 1993:366-367); whether this is to be identical with Ancient Greek τρέπω, τροπέω (cf. cognate set 5106) is less certain (cf. Chantraine 1968–1980:1132-1133, Beekes 2010:1503-1504).
Found in clades:
Hellenic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 1 lexeme.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
5   Greek: Mycenaean to-ro-qe-jo-me-no 𐀵𐀫𐀤𐀍𐀕𐀜 torkʷei̯omenos torkʷei̯omenos Mid.part. *torkʷei̯e/o- 'twist' (cf. Lat. torqueō). Cf. Homeric τροπέω < *torkʷéi̯e/o- (Il. 18.224 ἵπποι ἂψ ὄχεα τρόπεον 'the horses were turning the chariot back again').
References
  • Aura Jorro, Francisco: 366-367
    S.v. to-ro-qe-jo-me-no. Generally interpreted as *τροκʷεyόμενος and compared to Lat. torqueō 'twist' < *terkʷ-.
  • Beekes, Robert: 1503-1504
    S.v. τρέπω 'to turn, revolve, put to flight; to turn oneself, change, take flight, etc.', from PIE *trep- to turn' (cf. Lat. trepit 'vertit' (Paul. Fest. p.367), Skt. trapate 'feels ashamed, beomes timid', Hitt. terepp- 'to plough'). "The connection of Myc. to-ro-qe-jo-me-no (meaning unknown; with q) and of Lat. torqueō is untenable."
  • Chantraine, Pierre: 1132-1133
    S.v. τρέπω 'tournet, diriger vers, se tourner vers, changer, mettre en fuite'. The etymology is a problem. On may connect Skt. trápate 'avoir honte, être embarrassé' which remarkably resembles the sense of ἐντρέπομαι; Lat. trepit (P.F. 504,23) may be the creation of a grammarian. One could also think of a base *trekʷ-/*trokʷ- in view of Mycenaean toroqejomeno which is confirmed by toroqo 'torsade', or 'façon' applied to wool, but these words could also be in turn be connected with στρέφω. One also considers Lat. torqueō, cf. also εὐτρόσσεσθαι· ἐπιστρέφεσθαι· Πάφοι (Hesych.) < *trokʷ-i̯e-?
  • Rix, Helmut: 635, 650
    Cf. s.v. *terkʷ- 'sich drehen' (IEW 1077) and 2. *trep- 'wenden' (IEW 1094). (No Mycenaean forms given in these entries.)