Cognate Set 1137 – Meaning: good

IE-CoR reference form:
*dʰeHbʰ-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Slavic lexemes derived from PIE *dʰeHbʰ- 'to be fitting, suitable' (Derksen 2008:109-110, LIV² 135-136, cf. ESSJa 5:45-46).
Found in clades:
Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough, Lechosław Jocz
Found in 1 clade by 19 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
79   Bulgarian dob″r добър duˈbɤɾ doˈbɤr
98   Belarusian dobry добры ˈdɔbɾɨ ˈdobri
93   Czech dobrý ˈdɔbɾiː ˈdobriː
95   Sorbian: Lower dobry ˈdɔbɾɘ̟ ˈdobrɘ̟
94   Sorbian: Upper dobry ˈdɔbʁɘ̟ ˈdɔbʀɘ̟
80   Macedonian dobar добар ˈdo̞bɑ̈ɾ ˈdobar
88   Polish dobry ˈdɔbɾɘ̟ ˈdobrɨ
83   Serbo-Croat dobar ˈdɔ̂bɑ̈ɾ ˈdôbar
91   Slovak dobrý ˈdɔbɾiː ˈdobriː
85   Slovene dober ˈdòːbəɾ ˈdòːbər
78   Old Church Slavonic dobrŭ добръ dɔbrʊ̆ dobrʊ
90   Polabian dübrĕ ˈdybrɘ ˈdybrɘ There is also a loanword 'smuk' which seems to be used more frequently in the context of food (~'tasty').
89   Kashubian dobri dɔbɾɘ̟ ˈdobri
87   Old Polish dobry ˈdɔbrɨː ˈdobriː
92   Old Czech dobrý ˈdɔbrɨː ˈdobriː
96   Old Novgorod dobryi добрыи ˈdobrʲɛjɪ̆ ˈdobrʲɛjɪ
100   Rusyn dóbrωj ˈdŭɔbrɤ̟j ˈdobrɯj Alternative lexemes are 'fájnωj' and 'xoróšωj'. 'fájnωj' means 'good, beautiful' and 'xoróšωj' is rare.
86   Slovene: Kostel dober ˈdo̞ːbe̝ɾ ˈdoːbe̝r
84   Slovene: Early Modern dober
References
  • Derksen, Rick: 109-110
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *dobrъ 'good', an adjective in *-ro- to *dʰabʰ- 'time' (cf. Proto-Slavic *doba 'time'). The semantic development appears to have been 'right time' → 'suitable, good'.
  • Rix, Helmut: 135-136
    Cf. s.v. *dʰeHbʰ- 'passen' (IEW 233). Verbal only Germanic, cf. n1 for notes on nominal and adjectival derivatives.
  • Trubačev, O. N.: 5: 45-46
    The Slavic lexeme is derived from PIE *dhabh-.