Cognate Set 1146 – Meaning: ice

IE-CoR reference form:
*ledu-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Balto-Slavic
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
No certain etymology outside of Balto-Slavic (cf. ALEW 565, Derksen 2015:277, ESSJa 14:91-92, Derksen 2008:270).
Found in clades:
Baltic, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough, Lechosław Jocz
Found in 2 clades by 25 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
79   Bulgarian led lɛt led
98   Belarusian lëd лёд lʲɔt lʲod
93   Czech led lɛt led
76   Lithuanian lẽdas ˈlʲæːdɐs ˈlʲæːdas
95   Sorbian: Lower lod lʲɔt lod
94   Sorbian: Upper lód lʊt lʊd
88   Polish lód lut lud
97   Russian lëd лёд lʲɔt lʲod
83   Serbo-Croat led ɫê̞ːd lêːd
91   Slovak ľad lʲɑ̈t lʲad
85   Slovene led léːt léːd
99   Ukrainian lìd лід lʲid lʲid
78   Old Church Slavonic ledŭ лєдъ lɛdʊ̆ ledʊ
77   Old Prussian ladis EV
74   Latvian ledus ˈlædus lædus
90   Polabian led lɛd lɛd
89   Kashubian lód lut lud
75   Latgalian lads lats lads
87   Old Polish lód lʲoːd/t lʲoːd
92   Old Czech led ˈlɛd ˈljed
100   Rusyn l′ïd lʲi̞d̥ li̞d
81   Macedonian: Suho l′èt lʲe̞t led
82   Macedonian: Visoka l′èt lʲe̞t led
86   Slovene: Kostel led le̞ːt leːd
84   Slovene: Early Modern lèd
References
  • Derksen, Rick: 277
    S.v. Lith. lẽdas 'ice, hailstone' (Latv. lȩdus 'ice'). No known cognates outside of Balto-Slavic to support a PIE form *ledʰus. Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús may be reconstructed to account for the attested forms (cf. Proto-Slavic *ledъ 'ice').
  • Derksen, Rick: 270
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *ledъ m. 'ice'. The PIE proto-form would be *ledʰ-u-s, but there are no known cognates outside of Balto-Slavic.
  • Hock, Wolfgang and Fecht, Rainer and Feulner, Anna Helene and Hill, Eugen and Wodtko, Dagmar S.: 565
    S.v. OLith. lẽdas 'Eis, Hagel' (BSl. Latv. lȩdus 'Eis, Eisscholle', OPr. ladis 'Eis', OCS ledъ 'Eis', etc.). No reliable comparanda outside of Balto-Slavic.
  • Trubačev, O. N.: 14: 91-92
    PS *ledŭ is related to Lithuanian lẽdas, ledùs, Latvian ļedus and Old Prussian ladis 'ice'. Further etymology is obscure, the existing hypotheses are inconvincing. [See p. 92 for a overview of the existing comparisons.]