Cognate Set 186 – Meaning: bird

IE-CoR reference form:
?*pleu̯k-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Generally considered a *-k- extended form of the root *pleu̯- 'float, swim' (LIV² 487-488) → ?*pleu̯k- 'float, swim' (LIV² 488). The *-k- extended root is only securely found in Germanic and Baltic.
Found in clades:
Germanic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 21 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
110   Danish fugl ˈfuˀl ˈfuːlə in composition.
116   Dutch vogel ˈvoɣəl
104   Faroese fuglur ˈfʊɡ̊lʊɹ
117   Flemish vogel
114   Frisian fûgel fuɣəl
122   German Vogel ˈfoːɡl̩ ˈfoːɡəl
103   Icelandic fugl fʏɡ̊l
105   Norwegian: Bokmål fugl fʉːl fʉːl
109   Swedish fågel ˈfoːɡəl
121   Luxembourgish Vull ful ful
107   Elfdalian fugel fʉ́ɡɛl fʉ́ɡɛl
108   Old Swedish fughl fuɣl fuɡl
123   German: Bernese Vogel fɔɡu fɔɡ̊əl
119   Old High German fogal ˈfoɡal ˈfoɡal
120   Middle High German vogel ˈfoɡəl ˈfoɡəl
111   Old English fugol ˈfuɣol ˈfuɡol
118   Old Saxon fugal ˈfuɣal ˈfuɣal
115   Middle Dutch voghel ˈvoːɣəl ˈvoːɣəl
102   Old Icelandic fugl fuɣl fuɡl
101   Gothic fugls 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 fuɣls fuɡls
106   Norwegian: Nynorsk fugl ˈfʉɡl̩ ˈfʉɡl̩
References
  • Kroonen, Guus: 146, 157
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *fugla- 'bird'. The form is likely to have developed from *flug-la- (by dissimilation) and may have been derived from *fleugan- 'to fly' (< *pléuk-e-, cf. Lith. plaũkti 'to swim, float' < *plouk-ie- and Lith. plùnksna 'feather' < *plu-n-k-sneh₂-).
  • Lehmann, Winfred P.: 130
    S.v. Goth. F101. *fugls 'πετεινόν', 'bird'. "Probably from *flug-la- with loss of l by dissimilation". If so, then from PIE *pleu-k- (as in Lith. plaũkti 'swim', plùnksna 'feather'). Cf. entry in Lehmann for references to other hypotheses.
  • Lühr, Rosemarie and Lloyd, Albert L.: 433-436
    S.v. OHG fogal 'Vogel'. The most probable etymology is from a Proto-Germanic original form *flugla- with a -la- suffix, in which the first resonant was dissimilated, and connected to Pre-Proto-Germanic *pleuk-e/o- 'schweben, schwimmen', to the -k- enlarged root *pleu̯k- 'schwimmen, schweben' (to more widespread attested *pleu̯- 'schwimmen, schweben').
  • Rix, Helmut: 488
    Cf. s.v. ?*pleu̯k- 'schweben, schwimmen' (IEW 837). An enlargement of *pleu̯- only found in Germanic and Baltic.