Cognate Set 189 – Meaning: blood

IE-CoR reference form:
*blōda-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Germanic
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Lexemes continuing Proto-Germanic *blōda- 'blood'. The further root etymology remains uncertain, cf. Lehmann 1986:76-77, Kluge 2011:135-136, Kroonen 2013:68-70 for various proposals.
Found in clades:
Germanic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 23 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
108   Danish blod ˈbloˀð
114   Dutch bloed blut
102   Faroese blóð b̥lɔuː
115   Flemish bloed
112   Frisian bloed blu.ət
120   German Blut ˈbluːt ˈbluːt
101   Icelandic blóð b̥louːθ
103   Norwegian: Bokmål blod bluː bluː
107   Swedish blod bluːd
119   Luxembourgish Blutt blut blut
105   Elfdalian bluoð blʉəð blʉəð
106   Old Swedish blodh bloːð bloːð
121   German: Bernese Bluet b̥lʊət b̥lʊət
117   Old High German bluot bluo̯t bluo̯t
111   Old Frisian blōd bloːd bloːd
118   Middle High German bluot bluə̯t bluə̯t
109   Old English blōd bloːd bloːd
116   Old Saxon blôd bloːd bloːd
113   Middle Dutch bloet bluə̯t bluə̯t
100   Old Icelandic blóð bloːð bloːθ
99   Gothic bloþ 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌸 bloːθ bloːθ
104   Norwegian: Nynorsk blod bluː bluː
110   English blood blʌd Middle English blod, Old English blōd
References
  • Kluge, Friedrich: 135-136
    S.v. NHG Blut (MHG bluot, OHG bluot, OS blōd), from Germanic *blōda- 'Blut' also in Goth. bloϸ, ON blóð, OE blōd, OFr. blōd. An exclusively Germanic word, which replaced the inherited IE words for 'blood', probably an epithet (or euphemism?), probably to PIE *bʰel- 'schwellen' ~ 'platzen' ~ 'fließen' (cf. Lat. fluere 'fließen', etc.) but the details remain unclear.
  • Kroonen, Guus: 70
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *blōda-, a neuter collective created to either *blēan- 'to blow' or *blōan- 'to flow'.
  • Lehmann, Winfred P.: 76-77
    S.v. Goth. B85. bloϸ 'αἷμα', 'blood'. Etymology unclear. With a suffix *-to- Possibly to PIE *bʰlō- < *bʰel- 'swell, gush' as in *bloma-; alternatively *bleh₂- 'blow' as in *uf-blesan.