Cognate Set 3824 – Meaning: give

IE-CoR reference form:
*h₁ep-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Proposed as cognate to:
?*h₁ai̯- [Proto-Indo-European] scale: 0
Justification:
Generally derived from PIE *h₁ep- 'grasp, seize' (Demiraj 1997:79, Orel 1998:157, Holm 2011:64, Schumacher & Matzinger 2013:978, LIV² 237); perhaps further connected to Anatolian lexemes in cognate set 7598 if the etymology of Kloekhorst 2008:614-616 is correct, but this remains disputed (cf. notes in that class).
Found in clades:
Albanian
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 2 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
19   Albanian: Standard jap < Pr. Alb. *apa, parallel for IE *ap- ~ *ep- 'to seize, to take'. Semantically close to Hitt. epzi '(he) gives'.
18   Albanian: Gheg jap Inf = dhan. < PAlb *en-apa with filling hiatus, or from analogy with jam. Orel states this form to be parallel to IE *ap-/*ep- although Holm strongly disputes this. He claims no IE cognates outside Alb. Aor = dhase.
References
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl: 79
  • Holm, Hans J.: 64
  • Kloekhorst, Alwin: 614-616
    Cf. s.v. Hitt. pai- / pi- 'to give, to pay, to grant, to hand over'. Kloekhorst prefers to split the Anatolian lexemes from Tocharian and Greek (αἴνυμαι), instead setting up a derived form *h₁p-ói̯-ei̯/*h₁p-i̯-énti, in comparison to Hitt. ēpp-/app- 'to take, seize'.
  • Orel, Vladimir: 157
  • Rix, Helmut: 237
    Cf. s.v. *h₁ep- 'fassen, ergreifen' (IEW 50-1).
  • Schumacher, Stefan and Matzinger, Joachim: 978
    S.v. Alb. jep 'geben', likely a causative formation *h₁op-éi̯e/o- from the root *h₁ep- 'fassen, ergreifen' (LIV² 237), cf. also Demiraj (1997:79), Orel (1998:157).