Cognate Set 5109 – Meaning: sweet

IE-CoR reference form:
*su̯eh₂d-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Tocharian, Indic, and Germanic lexemes derived from PIE *su̯eh₂d- 'to make/become tasty' (NIL 670-675, cf. Adams 2013:795-796, EWAia II:788-789, Kroonen 2013:503, cf. LIV² 606-607).
Found in clades:
Germanic, Indo-Iranic, Tocharian
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 3 clades by 26 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
110   English sweet swiːt
19   Vedic: Early svādú- स्वादु- sʋaːˈdu- svaːdú-
106   Old Swedish söt søt søt
115   Flemish zoet
101   Icelandic sætur
102   Faroese søtur
103   Norwegian: Bokmål søt søːt søːt
108   Danish sød ˈsøðˀ
120   German süss süß ˈzyːs ˈzyːs
114   Dutch zoet
105   Elfdalian syöt
107   Swedish söt
119   Luxembourgish séiss zɜɪs zɜɪs
4   Tocharian B swāre ˈsware sware
3   Tocharian A swār swar swar
20   Pali sādu saːdʊ saːdu
112   Frisian swiet swi.ət
121   German: Bernese süess sʏəss sʏəss
117   Old High German suuozi ˈswyø̯s̻i ˈswuo̯s̻i
111   Old Frisian swēte ˈsweːte ˈsweːte
118   Middle High German süeze ˈsyə̯s̻ə ˈsyə̯s̻ə
109   Old English swēte ˈsweːte ˈsweːte
116   Old Saxon suuôti ˈswoːti ˈswoːti
113   Middle Dutch soete ˈsuə̯tə ˈsuə̯tə
100   Old Icelandic sœtr søːtr søːtr
104   Norwegian: Nynorsk søt søːt søːt
References
  • Adams, Douglas Q.: 795-796
    S.v. TochB swāre 'sweet', which with TochA swār reflects Proto-Tocharian *swāre from PIE *swehₐdro- with loss of -d- before a resonant and the suffix *-ro- rather than the more usual -u- found in other cognates (cf. Skt. svādú- 'sweet', Gk. ἡδύς 'id.', Lat. svāvis 'id.', etc.).
  • Beekes, Robert: 510
    S.v. ἡδύς 'sweet, tasteful, pleasant, pleasing' < PIE *su̯eh₂d-ú- 'sweet'.
  • Kroonen, Guus: 503
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *swōtu- 'sweet', from PIE *sueh₂d-u- (Skt. svādú- 'sweet, tasting good, pleasant', Gk. ἡδύς 'sweet, tasteful, pleasant, pleasing', Lat. svāvis 'sweet, pleasant', cf. also TochA swār, Toch B swāre 'sweet' < *suh₂d-ro-, OAv. hudəma- 'sweetness' < *suh₂d-mo-).
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred: II:788-789
    S.v. Ved. √svad- 'schmackhaft machen, (Med.) schmackhaft werden, schmecken', from which is derived the inherited word svādú-. From PIE *su̯ad- (~ TochA swār, B swāre 'süß' < *su̯ad-ro-).
  • Rix, Helmut: 606-607
    Cf. s.v. *su̯eh₂d- 'schmackhaft werden' (IEW 1039-40).
  • Wodtko, Dagmar S. and Irslinger, Britta and Schneider, Carolin: 670-675
    S.v. *su̯eh₂d- 'schmackhaft werden' (LIV 606f., IEW 1039f.).