Cognate Set 6178 – Meaning: hot

IE-CoR reference form:
*tep-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Indo-Iranic, Slavic, and Celtic lexemes derived from PIE *tep- 'to be warm, hot' (NIL 698-700, cf. EWAia I:623-624, Turner 1962–1966:323 no. 5679, Morgenstierne 2003:81, Derksen 2008:490, Matasović 2009:375, LIV² 629-630).
Found in clades:
Celtic, Indic, Iranic, Nuristani, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 5 clades by 40 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
79   Bulgarian top″l топъл ˈtɔpəɫ ˈtopɤl
98   Belarusian cëply цёплы ˈtsʲɔpɫɨ ˈtsʲopli
93   Czech teplý ˈtɛpliː ˈtepliː
161   Gaelic: Irish te ˈt̪ʲʰɛh ˈtʲahʲ
95   Sorbian: Lower śopły ˈɕɔpwɘ̟ ˈɕopwɘ̟
94   Sorbian: Upper ćopły ˈtʃɔpwɘ̟ ˈtʃɔpwɘ̟
80   Macedonian topol топол ˈto̞pɔɫ ˈtopol
88   Polish ciepły ˈtɕɛpwɘ̟ ˈtɕɛpwɨ
97   Russian tëplyj тёплый ˈtsʲɔpɫɘj ˈtʲoplij
83   Serbo-Croat topao ˈtɔ̂pɑ̈.ɔ ˈtôpa.o
91   Slovak teplý ˈcɛpliː ˈcepliː
85   Slovene topel ˈtɔ̀ːpəw, ˈtòːpəw ˈtɔ̀ːpəv, ˈtòːpəv
99   Ukrainian teplij теплий ˈtɛpɫɪ̽j ˈteplɪj
78   Old Church Slavonic toplŭ топлъ tɔplʊ̆ toplʊ There was possibly a dialectal variant 'тєплъ' (-e- in attested in the Canon in derivatives).
158   Old Irish tee ˈt̪ʲʰe.e ˈtʲe.e Also té and te
159   Gaelic: Scottish teth tʲeh
160   Gaelic: Manx çheh tʃeː tʃeː te
148   Gaulish tess(i)-/teđđ(I)- Reconstructed form based on attestations of male names.
155   Middle Breton toem, tomm, tom ˈtoem, ˈtomː
90   Polabian teplă ˈtɛplɜ ˈtɛplɜ Adverb.
89   Kashubian cepłi ˈtsɛpwɘ̟ ˈtsepwi
31   Nepali tāto तातो t̪at̪o
34   Kashmiri totə تُتہ t̪ot̪ t̪ot̪
35   Palula táatu تاتوۡ ˈt̪aːt̪u táatu
157   Breton: Treger tomm ˈto̞m ˈtom
156   Breton: Gwened tuemm tɥɛm
87   Old Polish ciepły ˈtɕɛpɫɨː ˈtɕepliː
92   Old Czech teplý ˈtɛpɫɨː ˈtepliː
100   Rusyn téplωj ˈt(ɛ/ɜ)plɤ̟j ˈteplɯj
81   Macedonian: Suho să stupl′ova sɐ stuˈplʲo̞vɐ sə stoˈpljova Verb.
82   Macedonian: Visoka să stupl′owa sɐ stuˈplʲo̞βɐ sə stoˈpljova Verb.
86   Slovene: Kostel topel ˈto̝pɑ̈w ˈto̝pal
37   Gawarbati tapa تپہ t̪ɜˈpɞ tapa GM tap'ōu
50   Pashto tod تود t̪od̪ t̪od̪
36   Gawri tat تت t̪ɔt̪ tɒt H
152   Middle Cornish tom tom, toᵇm
153   Late Cornish tubm tuᵇm
39   Pashai: North-West tapik تپیک t̪aˈpik tapik
40   Kamviri tâp′i tabˈi tapˈi
41   Kâta-vari: Eastern tap′i təp′i tɨpˈi tɨpˈi past participle
References
  • Derksen, Rick: 490
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *teplъ, a *-lo- derivative of *tep- 'be hot' (cf. Lat. tepidus 'lukewarm, warm', Skt. tápati 'burn, be hot').
  • Matasović, Ranko: 375
    S.v. Proto-Celtic *tefent- 'hot, warm', derived from PIE *tep- 'be warm' (cf. Skt. tápati 'burns', Lat. tepeō 'be warm', OCS toplъ 'warm'). On the etymology, cf. OIr. téit (gloss) luxoriatae ('wanton women') < *tefentes).
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred: I:623-624
    Cf. s.v. Ved. √tap- 'brennen, heiß sein, heiß machen', from PIE *tep- 'warm sein' (cf. Lat. tepēre, 'warm sein', OIr. tē 'heiß, OCS teplostь 'Wärme').
  • Morgenstierne, Georg: 81
    S.v. Paš. tod 'hot' (cf. Av. tafta-, Khot. ttauda-, etc.).
  • Rix, Helmut: 629-630
    Cf. s.v. 1. *tep- 'warm sein, heiß sein' (IEW 1069-70).
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley: 323
    S.v. 5679 Ved. taptá- 'heated, hot' RV. [√tap-]
  • Wodtko, Dagmar S. and Irslinger, Britta and Schneider, Carolin: 698-700
    S.v. *tep- 'warm sein, heiß sein' (LIV² 629f., IEW 1069f.).
  • de Vaan, Michiel: 614
    S.v. Lat. tepeō 'to be warm', from which the adjective tepidus 'warm' is derived. Ultimately from PIE *tep- 'to be warm'.