Cognate Set 6484 – Meaning: cry

IE-CoR reference form:
*pleh₂g-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Slavic and Italic lexemes derived from PIE *pleh₂g- 'to beat'. There is anomalous devoicing of the velar in Slavic, but the two variants *pleh₂g- and ?*pleh₂g- are accepted to be the same root by LIV² 484-485). Cf. also Derksen 2008:402, Boryś 2005:443, de Vaan 2008:469-471.
Found in clades:
Italic, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough, Lechosław Jocz
Found in 2 clades by 28 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
89   Kashubian płakac ˈpwɑ̈kɑ̈ts ˈpwakats
78   Old Church Slavonic plakati (sę) плакати (сѧ) plɑkati (sɛ̃) plakati (sẽ) 'рыдати' and derivatives (attested much less frequently than 'плакати (сѧ)') is more like 'to sob, snivel'. 'сльзити' (attested much less frequently than 'плакати (сѧ)') means 'to shed tears'.
88   Polish płakać ˈpwɑ̈kɑ̈tɕ ˈpwakatɕ
95   Sorbian: Lower płakaś ˈpwɑ̈kɑ̈ɕ ˈpwakaɕ
94   Sorbian: Upper płakać ˈpwɑ̈kɑ̈tʃ ˈpwakatʃ
93   Czech plakat ˈplɑ̈kɑ̈t ˈplakat
91   Slovak plakať ˈplɑ̈kɑ̈c ˈplakac
99   Ukrainian plakati плакати ˈpɫɑ̈kɐtɪ̽ ˈplakatɪ
98   Belarusian plakac′ плакаць ˈpɫɑ̈kɑ̈tsʲ ˈplakatsʲ 'рыдаць' denotes a louder cry.
97   Russian plakat' плакать ˈpɫɑ̈kətsʲ ˈplakatʲ 'рыдать' denotes a louder cry.
80   Macedonian plače плаче ˈpɫɑ̈tʃɛ ˈplatʃe
79   Bulgarian plača плача ˈpɫɑ̈tʃə ˈplatʃɤ
83   Serbo-Croat plakati ˈpɫɑ̈̂kɑ̈ti ˈplâkati
90   Polabian plokăt ˈplɔkɜt ˈplokɜt
125   Romanian plânge ˈplɨndʒe ˈplɨndʒe
128   Neapolitan chiagnere ˈkjaɲɲəɾə ˈkjaɲɲəɾə
129   Italian piangere ˈpjandʒeɾe ˈpjandʒere
133   Sardinian: Nuoro prágnere ˈpraɲɛrɛ ˈpraɲɛrɛ
134   Sardinian: Logudoro piánghere ˈpjaŋɡɛrɛ ˈpjaŋɡɛrɛ
87   Old Polish płakać ˈpɫa̠ka̠tɕ ˈplakatɕ
92   Old Czech plakati ˈpɫɑ̈kɑ̈ci ˈplakatji
96   Old Novgorod plačĭ плачь pɫɑtsʲ platsʲ Substantive 'crying'.
100   Rusyn plákatɪ ˈplɑ̈kɑ̈tɘ̟ ˈplakatɪ The lexeme 'revatɪ' refers to a more expressive act and to the sound produced by crying. 'slώzɪtɪ' means 'drop tears'.
81   Macedonian: Suho plàčam ˈplɑ̈tʃɐm ˈplatʃam
82   Macedonian: Visoka plàča ˈplɑ̈tʃɐ ˈplatʃa
126   Megleno-Romanian plắnḑiri
127   Dalmatian: Vegliote pluṅgre ˈplunɡre Unexpected -e instead of -o. An alternative form plangúr is analogic.
132   Milanese piànc pjantʃ
References
  • Boryś, W.: 443
    PS *plakati ist related to Latin plangō, plangere.
  • Derksen, Rick: 402
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *plàkati 'cry, weep', from PIE *pleh₂k- or *pleh₂g- (cf. AGk. πλήσσω 'beat', Lat. plangere 'beat, beat the breast as a sign of mourning, bewail', OEng. flōcan 'applaud').
  • Rix, Helmut: 484-485
    For Italic forms from Lat. plangō, cf. s.v. *pleh₂g- 'schlagen' (IEW 832-3), for the Slavic forms s.v. ?*pleh₂k- 'schlagen (auch als Gestus)' (IEW 831-3). Cf. n1 s.v. ?*pleh₂k-: certainly originally identical with *pleh₂g-, *k from forms with a voiceless suffix.
  • de Vaan, Michiel: 469-470
    S.v. Lat. plangō, -ere 'to beat, strike; mourn, bewail', from PIE *plh₂-n-g- 'to hit', *pl(e)h₂g-h₂- (cf. Gk. πλάζω 'to drive off course', aor. ἐπλήγην, ps. πλάγχθη 'was beaten', Goth. faiflokun 'to hit, flog', OS flōkan 'to curse').