Cognate Set 76 – Meaning: man

IE-CoR reference form:
*men-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Proposed as cognate to:
*mannan- [Proto-Germanic] scale: 4
Justification:
Indo-Iranic and Slavic lexemes derived from a PIE root *men- (KEWA II:575-576, ESSJa 20:158-161, Derksen 2008:330). Quite possibly (but not certainly) also cognate with Proto-Germanic *mannan- in cognate set 8248, cf. further discussion in that cognate set.
Found in clades:
Indic, Nuristani, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 3 clades by 30 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
79   Bulgarian m″ž мъж mɤʃ mɤʒ
98   Belarusian mužčyna мужчына muʂˈtʂɨnɑ̈ muʐˈtʂina
93   Czech muž muʃ muʒ
31   Nepali mānche मान्छे mantʃe
88   Polish mężczyzna mɛɰ̃ʂˈtʂɘ̟znɑ̈ meŋʐˈtʂɨzna
97   Russian mužčina мужчина mʊˈʃːinɐ muʐˈtʃina
23   Sinhalese minisā / minihā මිනිසා / මිනිහා miniha
78   Old Church Slavonic mǫžĭ мѫжь mɔ̃ʒɪ̆ mõʒɪ
91   Slovak muž muʃ muʒ
34   Kashmiri mohnyu مُہنیو mohnʲu mohnju
83   Serbo-Croat muškarac muʂˈkɑ̈̌ːrɑ̈ts muʐˈkǎːrats
94   Sorbian: Upper muž muʃ muʒ
95   Sorbian: Lower muski ˈmuskʲi ˈmuski An alternative lexeme is 'muž' with the same root.
80   Macedonian maž маж mɑ̈ʃ maʒ An alternative derivative is 'машко'.
28   Bhojpuri manai मनई mənəɪ
35   Palula míiš مِیش miːɕ míiɕ
87   Old Polish mąż, mężczy(z)na ˈmɒ̃ːʐ/ʂ, mã̠ʐ/ʂtʂɨzna̠ mãːʐ, ˈmãʐtʂizna
92   Old Czech muž muʒ muʒ
96   Old Novgorod mužĭ мужь ˈmuʒ ˈmuʒ
81   Macedonian: Suho mъ̀nč məntʃ məndʒ
82   Macedonian: Visoka mъ̀nč məntʃ məndʒ
85   Slovene moški ˈmɔ̀ːʃki ˈmɔ̀ːʒki
86   Slovene: Kostel moški ˈmo̝ʃke̝ ˈmo̝ʒke̝
84   Slovene: Early Modern moṡh
24   Assamese mānuh মানুহ mɑnuɦ
37   Gawarbati maanuṣ ماݨوݭ mãːˈɳʊ˞ʂ maːnuʂ GM m'ānuṣ
38   Khowar mooš موش mɔ̃ːɕ mɔ̀ɕ
36   Gawri mīš مِیش mḭːɕ miːɕ H(L)
41   Kâta-vari: Eastern mânš′a manč′i mantʃˈi manʃˈɨ
43   Kalaṣa-alâ: Nišeigrâm muša muʃˈɐ muʃˈɐ
References
  • Derksen, Rick: 330
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *mǫžь, from PIE *mon-g⁽ʷ⁾io- and to be connected with Sanskrit mánu- 'man, mankind' and OHG mann 'man, husband'.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred: II:575-576
    S.v. mánuḥ 'Mensch, Mann, Menschheit', to be connected with Germanic lexemes via Goth. manna, OHG man, etc. and OCS mǫžь, etc. The cognates should thus be derived from one of the PIE *men- roots. However, due to several homophonous *men- roots reconstructable for PIE it is difficult to determine from which one exactly [cf. LIV²: 435-437].
  • Scarborough, Matthew:
    On the proposed cognacy of the Germanic lexemes from Proto-Germanic *mannan- to this class, cf. the notes in [cognate set 8248](cog-8248).
  • Trubačev, O. N.: 20: 158-161
    PS *mǫžĭ is related to Old Indic manu-, manus-, Old High German mann etc. and derived from PIE *manu-(s) or *monu-(s) 'man', further probably from *men- 'think'. The exact protoform for Slavic is *mon-g-i̯o-.