Cognate Set 8248 – Meaning: man

IE-CoR reference form:
*mannan-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Germanic
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Proposed as cognate to:
*men- [Proto-Indo-European] scale: 4
Justification:
The cognacy of these Germanic lexemes are difficult to assign. A majority view of scholars assign them with derivatives of one of the PIE *men- roots in cognate set 76, alternatively a minority view of scholars places it with other Germanic, Italic, and Celtic words for 'human' < *dʰg̑ʰ-mon- *'earthling' cognate set 907. The cognacy decision for these lexemes has therefore been to split these lexemes from the majority set into their own separate set, which has been appropriately indexed to the other existing sets.
Found in clades:
Germanic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 1 clade by 18 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
110   Danish mand ˈmanˀ
116   Dutch man mɑn
112   English man mæn
104   Faroese maður ˈmɛaːvʊɹ Also means 'husband'. More basic term TKD.
117   Flemish man
114   Frisian man mɔn
122   German Mann ˈman ˈman
105   Norwegian: Bokmål mann mɑnː mɑnː more basic
109   Swedish man manː
121   Luxembourgish Mann mɑn mɑn
103   Icelandic maður ˈmaːðʏr Replaced MADR. Also 'human being'.
108   Old Swedish madher ˈmaðer maðer Stem mann-
123   German: Bernese Maa maː maː
113   Old Frisian mon mon mon
120   Middle High German man man man
115   Middle Dutch man man man
102   Old Icelandic maðr maðr maθr
106   Norwegian: Nynorsk mann mɑnː mɑnː
References
  • Kroonen, Guus: 353-354
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *mannan- 'man'. The etymology is disputed. Many scholars connect Proto-Germanic *mannan- with Skt. mánu- and OCS mǫžъ (cf. Ringe 2006:139) [cognate set 76](cog-76), but underlying *men-u- (not *mon-u-) would have yielded *minn- in Germanic. Consequently Kroonen proposes an alternative etymology as a secondary form of *guman- [cognate set 907](cog-907), arising through regular loss of the initial stops of original *dʰg̑ʰm-on-, giving result to a secondary Proto-Germanic root *man-.
  • Scarborough, Matthew:
    The cognacy of these Germanic lexemes are difficult to assign. A majority view of scholars assign them with derivatives of one of the PIE *men- roots in [cognate set 76](cog-76), alternatively a minority view of scholars places it with other Germanic, Italic, and Celtic words for 'human' < *dʰg̑ʰ-mon- *'earthling' [cognate set 907](cog-907). The cognacy decision for these lexemes has therefore been to split these lexemes from the majority class into their own separate class, which has been appropriately indexed to the other existing classes.