Cognate Set 5506 – Meaning: dog

IE-CoR reference form:
*sabāka-
IE-CoR reference language:
East Slavic
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Loan event:
yes
Parallel loan event:
no
Loan source language:
Iranic
Source lexeme in loan source language:
*sabāka-
Loan source lexeme belongs to cognate set:
*k̑u̯ón- [Proto-Indo-European]
Justification:
Loan into East Slavic from Iranic *sabāka- 'dog' (Vasmer 1986-1987 3:702-703, cf. Černyh 1999 2:183, Šanskij et al. 1975:419).
Found in clades:
Slavic
Revised by:
Lechosław Jocz
Found in 1 clade by 3 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
99   Ukrainian sobaka собака sɔˈbɑ̈kɐ soˈbaka
97   Russian sobaka собака sɐˈbɑ̈kɐ saˈbaka 'пёс' is normally 'male dog'; in the meaning 'dog' it is much less frequently used than 'собака'.
98   Belarusian sabaka сабака sɑ̈ˈbɑ̈kɑ̈ saˈbaka
References
  • Vasmer, Max: 702-703
    It is borrowed from Middle Iranian *sabāka-, cf. Persian, sabah, Avestan spā, spaka- 'dog's', Median σπάκα. The Iranian word is related to Old Indic çvā, çúnas and Greek κύων, κυνός. In his comments Trubačev claims that a borrowing from Iranian is hardly probable and that the source of the Slavic lexeme is Turkish köbäk 'dog'.
  • Černyh, Pavel: 2: 183
    It is usually assumed to be an early, common Slavic borrowing from Iranian.
  • Šanskij, N. and Ivanov, V. and Šanskaâ, T.: 419
    It is an old loan from an Iranian language, probably from Scythian. A hypothesis about an indigenous origin (*sob-ak(a)) is unconvincing.