Cognate Set 6470 – Meaning: heavy
- IE-CoR reference form:
- *gʷerh₂-
- IE-CoR reference language:
- Proto-Indo-European
- Ideophonic:
- no
- Parallel derivation:
- no
- Justification:
- Tocharian, Hellenic, Indo-Iranic, Baltic, Germanic, and Italic reflecting different derivatives from PIE *gʷerh₂- (cf. Hilmarsson 1996:173-174, Adams 2013:230-231, Beekes 2010:202-203, EWAia I:490-491, Turner 1962–1966:91 no.1962, Karulis 1992 I:321, Kroonen 2013:312, de Vaan 2008:272, Meyer-Lübke 1935:328 no. 3855).
- Found in clades:
- Baltic, Germanic, Hellenic, Indic, Iranic, Italic, Tocharian
- Revised by:
- Matthew Scarborough
Found in 7 clades by 31 lexemes.
- References
- Adams, Douglas Q.: 230-231
Cf. s.v. TochB krāmär 'weight, heaviness', from a putative PIE *gʷreH-mr̥ 'heaviness'.
- Beekes, Robert: 202-203
S.v. βαρύς 'heavy' < PIE *gʷr̥h₂-ú- 'heavy'.
- Hilmarsson, Jörundur: 173-174
S.v. TochB krāmär 'weight, load', TochA krāmärts 'id.', probably from PIE *gʷreh₂-mr̥, gen.sg. *gʷr̥h₂-mén-s, with derived adj. B kramartstse* 'heavy, difficult'.
- Karulis, Konstantīns: I:321
Cf. s.v. Latv. grūts, from Proto-Baltic *grūtas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷru-to-s.
- Kroonen, Guus: 312
S.v. Proto-Germanic *kuru- 'heavy' (Goth. kaurus* 'heavy'), from PIE *gʷrh₂-u-.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred: I:490-491
S.v. Ved. gurú- 'schwer, gewichtig, hart, heftig, drückend, groß', from PIE *gʷr̥h₂-u- (cf. YAv. gouru- 'heavy', Gk. βαρύς 'schwer', etc.).
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm: 328
Cf. s.v. 3855 Lat. gravis 'schwer', 2. grevis (nach levis).
- Turner, Ralph Lilley: 91
Cf. s.v. 1962 *udguru- 'very heavy' [Skt. gurú-] for Palula اُنگُروۡ uŋˈɡuɾo.
- de Vaan, Michiel: 272
S.v. Lat. gravis 'heavy; serious, weighty', from PIE *gʷreh₂-u-. As with other u-stems in Italic, the original PIE *-u- stem was remodelled as an i-stem. (cf. Skt. gurú- 'heavy', Khot. ggarka- 'heavy, respectable', Gk. βαρύς 'heavy', Latv. grũts 'heavy, pregnant' (< *gʷrh₂-u-to-), Goth. kaurjos 'weighty, opressive', TochB krāmär 'weight, heaviness', TochA krāmärts 'heavy').