Cognate Set 6595 – Meaning: right

IE-CoR reference form:
*dek̑s-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Hellenic, Albanian, Indo-Iranic, Balto-Slavic, Germanic, Italic, and Celtic lexemes reflecting different derivations from PIE *dek̑s- 'to be suitable' (Beekes 2010:316-317, Demiraj 1997:137-138, Orel 1998:67-68, EWAia I:690-691, Turner 1962–1966:349 no. 6119, ALEW 199, Derksen 2015:124, ESSJa 4:218-219, Derksen 2008:100-101, Kroonen 2013:512, de Vaan 2008:168, {Matasović 2009}:97, cf. LIV² 112)
Found in clades:
Albanian, Baltic, Celtic, Germanic, Hellenic, Indic, Iranic, Italic, Nuristani, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 10 clades by 63 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
18   Albanian: Gheg djathtë
79   Bulgarian desen десен dɘˈsɛn deˈsen
129   Italian destro ˈdɛstro ˈdɛstro
34   Kashmiri dačhon دچھُن d̪ɨtʃʰon d̪ɨtʃʰon
76   Lithuanian dešinė̃ dʲɛʃʲɪˈnʲeː dʲɛʃʲɪˈnʲeː
23   Sinhalese dakuṇa දකුණ
6   Greek: Ancient dexiós δεξιός de̞ksió̞s de̞ksió̞s G.sg. δεξιοῦ; δεξιός, δεξιά, δεξιόν
21   Vedic: Early dákṣiṇa- दक्षिण- ˈdɐkʂiɳɐ- dáksina-
31   Nepali dāyām̐ दायाँ d̪ajã
26   Maithili dahinā दहिना d̪əhɪnɑ
25   Bengali ḍān ডান ɖan
29   Hindi dāyām̐ दायाँ d̪ɑjɑ̃ d̪ɑjɑ̃
78   Old Church Slavonic desnŭ дєснъ dɛsnʊ̆ desnʊ
124   Latin dexter ˈdekster ˈdekster dexter, dextera, dexterum (G.sg.m. dexterī)
130   Friulian diestri ˈdjestri ˈdjestri Msg., fsg. diestre, mpl.=fpl. diestris.
161   Gaelic: Irish deas ˈd̪ʲas ˈdʲasˠ
83   Serbo-Croat desni ˈdɛ̌sniː ˈděsniː
46   Avestan: Younger dašina 𐬛𐬀𐬱𐬌𐬥𐬀 daʃina
158   Old Irish des ˈd̪ʲesˠ ˈdʲes
146   Oscan destrst Native script: destrst (nom. sg. f. + íst, Cp 8), a contraction of *destru íst = Lat. dext(e)ra est.
147   Umbrian destram Native script: testru (abl.sg.m./n., III 23, IV 15), testruku (abl.sg.m. + postpos. -com, Ia 29), testre e (loc.sg.m. + postpos. -en, IIb 27, 28). Latin script: destram e (A.sg.f. with postpos. -en, VIb 49), destruco (abl.sg.m. with postpos. -com), destre (loc.sg.m. + postpos. -en, VIb 50), destr e (loc.sg.m. with postpos. -en, VIb 4).
159   Gaelic: Scottish deas dʲes
8   Greek: Modern Std dexiós δεξιός ðe̞ksiˈo̞s ðe̞ksiˈo̞s Alternative form δεξής
148   Gaulish dexsiuo- Attested in names.
19   Albanian: Standard djathtë Based on PAlb *detsa, etymologically connected with IE *deks- 'right', Skt dáksina-, Gk δεξιος, Lat dexter and the like, all 'id'.
22   Pali dakkhiṇa dɐkkʰɪɳɐ dakkʰiɳa
27   Magahi dahīnā taraf दहीना तरफ d̪əhinɑ t̪ərəpʰ
85   Slovene desni dèːsni dèːsni
5   Greek: Mycenaean de-ki-si-wo 𐀆𐀑𐀯𐀺 deksiu̯o- deksiu̯o- D.sg. proper name in KN C 908, generally agreed to be identical with δέξιος 'right(side); fortunate' (as a personal name Δέξιος in Classical Attic cf. IG I³ 1032.429, etc.).
80   Macedonian desen десен ˈde̞sɛn ˈdesen
155   Middle Breton deho, dechou, dehaou, dehou ˈdeːhow, ˈdehaw
7   Greek: New Testament dexiós δεξιός de̞ks(i/j)ˈo̞s de̞ksiˈo̞s > 30 attestations in the NT.
66   Middle Persian dašn dšn daʃn daʃn ZP dšnk
55   Parthian dašn dšn daʃn daʃn
11   Greek: Cypriot deksī́s δεξής ðɛˈksis ðɛˈksis
10   Greek: Pontic dex̌ö́s δεξ̌ο̈́ς ðe̞ˈkʃø̞s ðe̞ˈkʃios
12   Greek: Italiot deššío δεσ̌σ̌ίο ðe̞ˈʃʃio̞ ðe̞ˈʃio̞ Cal.; Ap. /de̞ˈtsio̞/; also the non-cognate /arˈte̞o̞/ ‘straight, right’ Ap.
9   Greek: Cappadocian dex̌ió δεξ̌ιό ðeˈkʃo ðeˈkʃio
128   Neapolitan destro ˈdɛstrə ˈdɛstrə
135   Anglo-Norman destre
28   Bhojpuri dahinā दहिना d̪əhɪnɑ
35   Palula deec̣híṇu دیڇِھݨوۡ d̪eːˈʈʂʰiɳo deeʈʂʰíɳu
30   Urdu dāyān دایاں d̪ɑjɑ̃
14   Tsakonian: Propontis doxénko δοξένκο ðo̞ˈkse̞ŋko̞ ðo̞ˈkse̞nko̞
160   Gaelic: Manx jesh dʒeʃ dʒeʃ deas
157   Breton: Treger dehoù ˈde̝ː-u ˈde̝-u
156   Breton: Gwened dehoù dehəɥ
151   Welsh: North dde ðeː ðeː
150   Middle Welsh deheu deheʉ̯
86   Slovene: Kostel desni ˈde̞ːsne̝ ˈdeːsne̝
84   Slovene: Early Modern deſnizhen
154   Old Breton dehou
127   Dalmatian: Vegliote dastro ˈdastro
37   Gawarbati daačina داچِنہ d̪aːtɕiˈnə daːtɕina
152   Middle Cornish dyhow ˈdihow
153   Late Cornish dihow ˈdihow, dijow
36   Gawri lāc̣im لاڄِھیم ˈl̪ɒːʈʂʰɪm̥ lɒːʈʂim HL
119   Old High German zesauua ˈtsesawa ˈtsesawa
101   Gothic taihswa 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃𐍅𐌰 ˈtɛhswa ˈtɛhswa
138   Old Occitan destra
41   Kâta-vari: Eastern dâći′u daċü̯′i datsy̯ˈi datsiˈu
42   Kâta-vari: Ktivi dâći′u datsjˈu datsiˈu
132   Milanese destra ˈdestra
References
  • Beekes, Robert: 316-317
    S.v. δεξίος '(to the) right (side) < PIE (transponat) *dek̑s-i-u̯o- (*dek̑s- 'right').
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl: 137-138
    S.v. Alb. djáthtë 'rechter'. Since long generally agreed to be derived from the root *dek̑s- 'rechts' (cf. OHG zeso, Gk. δεξιός 'rechts', etc.). The further analysis of the original morphological structure remains disputed.
  • Derksen, Rick: 124
    S.v. Lith. dẽšinas 'right', from PIE *dek̑s-(i)no- (cf. Skt. dákṣiṇa- 'right, southern', Av. dašina- 'right', Gk. δεξιτερός, Lat. dexter 'right', Goth. taihswa 'right').
  • Derksen, Rick: 100-101
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *desnъ 'right' (ESSJa IV 218-219), from PIE *dek̑s-(i)no- (cf. Skt. dákṣiṇa- 'right, southern', Av. dašina- 'right', Gk. δεξιτερός, Lat. dexter 'right', Goth. taihswa 'right').
  • Hock, Wolfgang and Fecht, Rainer and Feulner, Anna Helene and Hill, Eugen and Wodtko, Dagmar S.: 199
    Cf. s.v. OLith. dẽšinas, -à 'rechte(r, s)' (BSl. OCS desnъ, etc.), from PIE *dek̑s-, *dek̑s-i-no- 'rechts, südlich' (cf. Ved. dákṣina- 'rechts, rechts gehend', südlich', YAv. dašina- 'rechts', Gk. δεξίος 'rechts, glückverheißend', Alb. djathtë 'rechts', djathë (dialectal Old Albanian) 'id.', Lat. dexter 'rechts', OIr. dess 'rechts, südlich', MW deheu 'rechts, südlich; geschickt, recht', Goth. taihswa 'rechts', etc.).
  • Kroonen, Guus: 512
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *tehswō(n)- 'right hand', from PIE *dek̑s-u̯eh₂- (cf. Skt. dákṣiṇa- 'right, southern', OCS desьnъ 'right', Lith. dešinė̃ 'right hand' < *dek̑s-ino-, Lat. dexter < *dek̑s-tro-, OIr. dess < *dek̑s-o-).
  • Matasović, Ranko: 97
    S.v. Proto-Celtic *dexs(i)wo- 'right, south', from PIE *dek̑s-u̯o- 'right' (cf. Lat. dexter, Gk. δεξιτερός, OCS desnъ, Alb. djathtë).
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred: I:690-691
    S.v. Ved. dákṣiṇa- 'recht, rechts gehend, südlich', from (East?) Indo-European *dek̑s-i-no- (cf. Lith. dẽšinas, OCS desnъ 'rechts', beside *dek̑s-(i-)u̯o- in Gk. δεξιός 'rechts', Goth. taihswo 'die rechte (Hand)', etc.).
  • Orel, Vladimir: 67-68
    S.v. Alb. djathtë 'right'; Old Albanian texts (Buzuku) preserve djäthe 'right (side)' showing that the djathtë is a relatively new formation in -të based on Proto-Albanian *detsa, to be connected PIE *dek̑s- 'right' (cf. Skt. dákṣiṇa-, Gk. δεξιός, Lat. dexter, etc.).
  • Rix, Helmut: 112
    Cf. s.v. *dek̑s- 'taugen, tüchtig sein' [IEW 189].
  • Trubačev, O. N.: 4: 218-219
    PS *desnŭ is derived from PIE *dek̑s- and related to Latin dexter, Lithuanian dẽšinas, Old Indic dákṣiṇa-, Greek δεξιτερός etc.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley: 349
    S.v. 6119 Ved. dákṣiṇa 'right (hand)' RV.
  • de Vaan, Michiel: 168
    S.v. Lat. dexter, -(e)ra, -um 'right, (opposite of left)'. Lat. dexter, alongside Umb. <b>testru</b> and Osc. <b>destr</b>- may be derived from PIE *dek̑s-tero- 'right, right-hand side' (*dek̑s- 'right').