Cognate Set 671 – Meaning: woman

	Language	Lexeme	Native script	Phonetic	Phonemic	Notes
17	Armenian: Western	kin	կին	ɡin	ɡin
16	Armenian: Eastern	kin	կին	kin	kin	Identical to lexeme 1951 'wife'.
79	Bulgarian	žena	жена	ʒɘˈnɑ̈	ʒeˈna
98	Belarusian	žančyna	жанчына	ʐɑ̈nˈtʂɨnɑ̈	ʐonˈtʂina
93	Czech	žena		ˈʒɛnɑ̈	ˈʒena
110	Danish	kvinde		ˈkvenə
104	Faroese	kona, kvinna		kʰoːna, kʰvɪnːa
8	Greek: Modern Std	gynaíka	γυναίκα	ʝiˈne̞ka	ɣiˈne̞ka	a-stem noun adapted from accusative case form of Ancient Greek γυνή
103	Icelandic	kona		ˈkʰɔːna		AF: KVENNMAOR
161	Gaelic: Irish	bean		bʲænˠ	ˈbʲanˠ
95	Sorbian: Lower	žeńska		ˈʐeɲskɑ̈	ˈʐeɲska	An alternative lexeme is 'žona' with the same root.
94	Sorbian: Upper	žona		ˈʒɔnɑ̈	ˈʒɔna
80	Macedonian	žena	жена	ˈʒe̞nɑ̈	ˈʒena
67	Persian: Tehran	zan	زن	zæn	zæn
97	Russian	ženŝina	женщина	ˈʐɛnʃɪnɐ	ˈʐenstʃina
83	Serbo-Croat	žena		ˈʐɛ̌nɑ̈	ˈʐěna
91	Slovak	žena		ˈʒɛnɑ̈	ˈʒena
85	Slovene	žena		ˈʒɛ̌ːnɑ̈	ˈʒɛ̀ːna
109	Swedish	kvinna		ˈkvɪ̀nːa
99	Ukrainian	žìnka	жінка	ˈʒinkɐ	ˈʐinka
77	Old Prussian	genno
78	Old Church Slavonic	žena	жєна	ʒɛnɑ	ʒena
23	Sinhalese	gǣni	ගෑනි
56	Kurdish N.: Bahdini	žɨnɨk			ʒɨnɨk
6	Greek: Ancient	gynḗ	γυνή	ɡynɛ́ː	ɡynɛ́ː	G.sg. γυναικός; cf. lexeme 19000
158	Old Irish	ben		ˈbʲɛnˠ	ˈbʲen
46	Avestan: Younger	jaini	𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌		d͜ʒani	OAv. jǝni
15	Armenian: Classical	kin	կին	kin	kin-ɑ-/-ɔdʒ-	Irregular. Identical to lexeme 28662 'wife'.
1	Hittite	*kuu̯an-	MUNUS-an-za			Reconstructed stem is not actually attested. The form underlying the Sumerogram MUNUS-an-za, MUNUS-na-aš, etc. is an n-stem and quite likely to be reconstructed as *kuu̯an- (Kloekhorst 2008:501-505) based on the inflection and the attestation of CLuw. u̯āna- 'woman', Lyd. kãna- 'wife'.
2	Luvian	u̯āna-	u̯a-a-ni (CL)			Native script u̯a-a-ni is dat.-loc.sg.
105	Norwegian: Bokmål	kvinne		ˈkʋɪ̀nːə	ˈkʋɪ̀nːɛ
148	Gaulish	bnanom				The cited form is genitive plural (the nominative singular would be bena).
160	Gaelic: Manx	ben		ben	ben	bean
154	Old Breton	ban-
13	Tsakonian: Peloponnese	gounaíka	γουναίκα	ɣuˈne̞ka	ɣuˈne̞ka
108	Old Swedish	kona		ˈkona	kona
107	Elfdalian	kwinnfuok
159	Gaelic: Scottish	boireannach			bɔrʲən̪ˠəx
5	Greek: Mycenaean	ku-na-*	𐀓𐀙	ɡune̞ː	ɡune̞ː	Attested as derivational base in adjective ku-na-ja (PY Ta 711.3) [gunai̯a] 'female, feminine'. The phon. form */gune̞ː/ is reconstructed nom.sg. of the nominal 'woman' on the basis of this form.
7	Greek: New Testament	gynḗ	γυνή	ɣyˈne̝	ɣyˈne̝	> 30 attestations in the NT.
90	Polabian	zenă		ˈzɛnɜ	ˈzɛnɜ
66	Middle Persian	zan	zn	zan	zan	ZP zn'
55	Parthian	žan	jn	ʒan	ʒan
3	Tocharian A	kᵤli		kʷli	kʷli	Generally derived from an n-stem derivative of PIE *gʷen- with dissimilation of *n > *l by the following nasal (see Pinault 2005, Fs Gercenberg), but many details remain unclear.
4	Tocharian B	klyiye		ˈklʲije	klʲəje	Generally derived from an n-stem derivative of PIE *gʷen- with dissimilation of *n > *l by the following nasal (see Pinault 2005, Fs Gercenberg), but many details remain unclear.
14	Tsakonian: Propontis	gounaíka	γουναίκα	ɣuˈne̞ka	ɣuˈne̞ka
11	Greek: Cypriot	genaíka	γεναίκα	ʝɛˈnɛkɐ	ɣɛˈnɛkɐ
10	Greek: Pontic	(g)ynaíka	(γ)υναίκα	(ɣ)iˈne̞kə	(ɣ)iˈne̞ka
12	Greek: Italiot	gynaíka	γυναίκα	jiˈne̞ka	ɣiˈne̞ka	Cal.; /ɟiˈne̞ka/ Ap.
9	Greek: Cappadocian	naíka	ναίκα	ˈneka	ˈneka
34	Kashmiri	zayn	زاین	zɑnj	zɑnj
151	Welsh: North	dynes		ˈdənas	ˈdənas
87	Old Polish	żona		ˈʐɔna̠	ˈʐona	Also 'żeńczyna, żeńczyzna', with the same root. 'Niewiasta' is semantically more complex (it refers normally to 'maried women').
92	Old Czech	žena		ˈʒɛnɑ̈	ˈʒena
96	Old Novgorod	žena	жена	ʒɛˈnɑ	ʒɛˈna
71	Kumzari	ẓank-		zˁɐnk-	zˁɐnk-
100	Rusyn	žoná		ʐɔˈnɑ̈	ʐoˈna	An alternative derivative is 'žḯŋka'.
81	Macedonian: Suho	žèna		ˈʒe̞nɐ	ˈʒena
82	Macedonian: Visoka	žèna		ˈʒe̞nɐ	ˈʒena
86	Slovene: Kostel	žena		ˈʒɛːnɑ̈	ˈʒɛːna
84	Slovene: Early Modern	ṡhena
152	Middle Cornish	benyn			ˈbenən, ˈbenin
153	Late Cornish	bennen			ˈbenən
54	Bactrian	zino	ζινο		d͜zin
68	Bakhtiari	zine		zine	zine
69	Delvari	zen			zen
70	Lari	zen			zen
64	Balochi: Sistani	ǰenēnzāg			d͡ʒeneːnzɑɡ
57	Kurdish C.: Jafi	žın			ʒɨn
62	Tati	zeyniye			zejnije
63	Mazanderani	zan, zenā			zæn, zenɒ
61	Raji: Barzoki	jan		d͡ʒã	d͡ʒan
58	Kurdish S.: Elami	žın			ʒɘ̟n
60	Hawrami	žanī			ʒæni
102	Old Icelandic	kona		ˈkona	ˈkona
101	Gothic	qino	𐌵𐌹𐌽𐍉	ˈkwinoː	ˈkwinoː
106	Norwegian: Nynorsk	kvinne		ˈkʋɪnːə	ˈkʋɪnːɛ
59	Kurdish S.: Qorveh	žɨn			ʒɨn

References

Adams, Douglas Q.: 242

S.v. TochB klīye ~ klyīye 'woman', 'female (of animals)', which with TochA kᵤli reflects Proto-Tocharian *kʷliye. Adams takes the Proto-Tocharian form to reflect PIE *gʷneh₂-h₁en- with a "definitizing" suffix to the normal PIE word for 'woman' *gʷen(e)h₂, which appears in TochB as śana- 'wife'. The initial -l- in the Tocharian forms is the result of dissimilation *n … n > *l … n. Cf. entry in Adams and NIL s.v. *gʷenh₂-, n22 for discussion.

Beekes, Robert: 291-292

S.v. γυνή 'wife, woman' < PIE *gʷen-h₂ 'woman', cf. dial. (Boeot.) βανά.

Derksen, Rick: 558

S.v. Proto-Slavic *žena 'woman, wife', from PIE *gʷen-eh₂- (cf. OPr. genno 'woman', Skt. jáni- 'woman, wife', Goth. qino 'woman', OIr. ben 'woman', etc.).

Derksen, Rick: 558

S.v. OPr. genno 'woman', from PIE *gʷen-eh₂- (cf. Proto-Slavic *ženà 'woman, wife', OCS žena 'woman', Skt. jáni- 'woman, wife', Goth. qino 'woman', OIr. ben 'woman', etc.).

Hilmarsson, Jörundur: 157-159

S.v. TochB klyiye, kliye, TochA kᵤli 'woman', cf. for further discussion of the Tocharian forms.

Kloekhorst, Alwin: 501-505

S.v. Hitt. *kuu̯an- 'woman' (Anatolian cognates: CLuw. u̯ānā- 'woman', u̯(a)natti- 'woman'; HLuw. FEMINA-nat(i)- 'woman', Lyd. kãna- 'wife'). It is quite obvious that the other Anatolian cognates are cognate with other words like Gk. γυνή, Skt. jánis (gen.sg. gnā́s), OIr. ben (gen.sg. mná), OCS žena, etc. 'woman' that reflect *gʷen-h₂, *gʷn-éh₂-s.

Kroonen, Guus: 317

S.v. Proto-Germanic *kwenōn- 'woman, wife', a Germanic ōn-stem based on a PIE proterodynamic h₂-stem (nom. *gʷén-h₂, gen. *gʷn-éh₂-s), cf. Skt. jáni- 'woman, wife', gnā́- 'goddess', OCS žena, Lith. ženà, OPr. genno 'woman', Arm. kin 'id.', Gk. γυνή, gen. γυναικός 'id.', OIr. ben, gen. mná 'id.', etc.

Martirosyan, Hrach: 363-364

S.v. Arm. kin (GDSg.knoǰ) 'woman, wife', from PIE *gʷén-(e)h₂-, gen. gʷn-éh₂-s 'woman' (cf. Skt. jáni- 'woman, wife', OAv. jə̄ni- 'woman, wife', YAv. jaini- 'woman, wife', MPers., NPers. zan 'wife', Parth. jn 'wife', OAv. gənā 'woman', YAv. γənā 'woman', Gk. γυνή (gen. γυναικός, Boeot. βανά 'wife, woman', OIr. ben, mná 'woman, wife', Goth. qino 'wife', OCS žena 'woman, wife', Luw. wana- 'woman', TochA śäṃ, B śana 'woman, wife' vs. TochA kᵤli, B klīye 'woman', etc.).

Matasović, Ranko: 61

S.v. Proto-Celtic *benā, *bena 'woman', from PIE *gʷenh₂ 'woman' (cf. Skt. jáni-, gnā́, Gk. γυνή, CLuw. wānā-, OE cwen, OPr. genno, ToB śana, OCS žena).

Mayrhofer, Manfred: I:568-569

S.v. Ved. jáni- 'Weib, Frau' (IIr. cf. OAv. ǰə̄ni-, YAv. jaini- 'Weib, Frau', Parth. jn, MPers. NPers. zan 'Frau, Gattin', etc.), from PIE *gʷénh₂-, originally in paradigmatic ablaut with *gʷnéh₂- (> Ved. gnā́-, cf. EWAia I:504).

Wodtko, Dagmar S. and Irslinger, Britta and Schneider, Carolin: 177-185

S.v. *gʷen-, *gʷon-, *gʷ(e)n-(a)h₂- f. 'Frau' (IEW 473f.)