Cognate Set 850 – Meaning: ash

IE-CoR reference form:
*(s)ken(H)-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Italic and Albanian lexemes from PIE *(s)ken(H)- (Meyer 1891:152, Huld 1984:74, Orel 1998:147, de Vaan 2008:115). Pace de Vaan 2008 lexemes from Tocharian B kentse 'rust' are not to be connected (cf. Adams 2013:207). For Romance lexemes from Latin cinis, cineris, cf. Meyer-Lübke 1935:182 no. 1929. Cf. Ancient Greek κόνις 'dust' in cognate set 6166.
Found in clades:
Albanian, Italic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 2 clades by 24 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
141   Catalan cendra ˈsɛn̪drə ˈsɛndrə
129   Italian cenere ˈtʃeːneɾe ˈtʃenere
131   Ladin cender ˈtʃendɛr
144   Portuguese cinza ˈsĩzɐ ˈsĩzɐ
143   Spanish ceniza θeˈniθa θeˈniθa
137   Walloon cinde sẽːd sẽːd
124   Latin cinis ˈkinis ˈkinis gen. cineris
130   Friulian cinise tʃiˈnizɛ tʃiˈnize
19   Albanian: Standard hi PAlb. *skin-
18   Albanian: Gheg hĩ
125   Romanian cenușă tʃeˈnuʃə tʃeˈnuʃə
128   Neapolitan cennere ˈtʃennəɾə ˈtʃennərə
133   Sardinian: Nuoro cinisu tʃiˈniːzu tʃiˈniːzu
134   Sardinian: Logudoro chisgína kiˈʒiːna kiˈʒiːna
135   Anglo-Norman cendre
142   Old Spanish ceniça tseˈnitsa
139   Franco-Provençal findré ˈfẽdɾə ˈfẽdre feminine plural noun
136   French cendre sɑ̃ːdʁ̥ə sɑ̃dʁ
138   Old Occitan cendres plural of cendre which is not used
126   Megleno-Romanian čănușă
20   Albanian: Arbëresh hi ˈxiː
140   Old Catalan cendra sɛndɾə sɛndɾə Also cenra = 'sɛnɾə
145   Portuguese: Brazilian cinza
132   Milanese scéndra ˈʃendra
References
  • Adams, Douglas Q.: 207
    Pace [de Vaan 2008](src-54):115 TochB kentse is to be glossed as 'rust' not 'dust' and the Tocharian cognates proposed there are not to be connected.
  • Huld, Martin E.: 74
    S.v. Alb. hi 'ash', following Meyer (1891:152) to be connected with Lat. cinis, cineris via an s-mobile root variant.
  • Meyer, Gustav: 152
  • Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm: 182
    Cf. s.v. 1929 cinis, -ere 'Asche'.
  • Orel, Vladimir: 147
    S.v. Alb. hi ~ hî 'ash', from Proto-Albanian *skina, with s mobile, related to Lat. cinis 'dust, ash'.
  • de Vaan, Michiel: 115
    S.v. Lat. cinis -eris 'residue of fire, ashes, ashes of a dead person'. From an s-stem *ken-is-. de Vaan reconstructs the s-stem as an extension of an earlier PIE i-stem noun *kon(H)-i- / *ken(H)-i- 'dust', of which Latin cinis continues the e-grade. Compares to Ancient Greek κόνις 'dust' from the o-grade, TochB kentse 'dust' < *koniso-. Dismisses Walde-Hofmann (1938-1954)'s connection to PIE *kneh₂- 'to plane, rub' (Ancient Greek -κναίω) as 'not compelling).