Cognate Set 220 – Meaning: fish

IE-CoR reference form:
*pisk-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Germanic, Italic, and Celtic lexemes derived from PIE *pisk- 'fish', cf. IEW 796, Kroonen 2013:142, de Vaan 2008:467-468, Matasović 2009:142.
Found in clades:
Celtic, Germanic, Italic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 3 clades by 49 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
141   Catalan peix peʃ peʃ
110   Danish fisk ˈfesɡ
116   Dutch vis vɪs Removed VISCH as not in dictionary - archaic?
112   English fish fɪʃ Old English fisc
104   Faroese fiskur ˈfɪskʊɹ
117   Flemish visch
136   French poisson pwasɔ̃ pwasɔ̃
114   Frisian fisk fɪsk
122   German Fisch ˈfɪʃ ˈfɪʃ
103   Icelandic fiskur ˈfɪskʏr Replaced FISKR.
161   Gaelic: Irish iasc ˈiəsˠkˠ ˈiəsˠkˠ
129   Italian pesce ˈpeʃʃe ˈpeʃʃe
131   Ladin pesc ˈpɛʃ
144   Portuguese peixe ˈpɐiʃɨ ˈpɐiʃɨ
105   Norwegian: Bokmål fisk fɪsk fɪsk
134   Sardinian: Logudoro piske ˈpiske ˈpiske
133   Sardinian: Nuoro pisce ˈpiʃɛ ˈpiʃɛ
143   Spanish pez peθ peθ
109   Swedish fisk fisk
137   Walloon pèhon pɛˈhõ pɛˈhõ
159   Gaelic: Scottish iasg iəsɡ
124   Latin piscis ˈpiskis ˈpiskis gen. piscis
121   Luxembourgish Fësch fəʃ fəʃ
130   Friulian pes ˈpɛs ˈpɛs Deriv. pesson.
158   Old Irish íasc ˈiasˠkˠ ˈiask
160   Gaelic: Manx eeast jiəs(t) jiəs(t) iasc
107   Elfdalian fisk fɪsk fɪsk
108   Old Swedish fisker ˈfisker fisker
125   Romanian pește ˈpeʃte ˈpeʃte
127   Dalmatian: Vegliote pask pisk
128   Neapolitan pesce ˈpeʃʃə ˈpeʃʃə
135   Anglo-Norman pessun
139   Franco-Provençal peusson pø̞ˈsõ pøˈsõ masculine noun
142   Old Spanish pez pedz
123   German: Bernese Fisch fɪʃ fɪʃ
138   Old Occitan peissoun
126   Megleno-Romanian peaști
140   Old Catalan peix peʃ peʃ
119   Old High German fisk fisk fisk
113   Old Frisian fisk fisk fisk
120   Middle High German visch fiʃ fiʃ
111   Old English fisc fiʃ fiʃ
118   Old Saxon fisk fisk fisk
115   Middle Dutch visch visx visx
102   Old Icelandic fiskr fiskr fiskr
101   Gothic fisks 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 fisks fisks
106   Norwegian: Nynorsk fisk fɪsk fɪsk
145   Portuguese: Brazilian peixe
132   Milanese pès pɛs
References
  • Kroonen, Guus: 142
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *fiska- 'fish' < PIE *pisk-o- (cf. Lat. piscis < *pisk-i-, OIr. íasc < *peisk-o-).
  • Matasović, Ranko: 128
    S.v. Proto-Celtic *fēsko- 'fish' < PIE pei̯(k̑)sk̑o-.
  • Pokorny, Julius: 796
    S.v. *peisk-, *pisk- 'Fisch'. In the general meaning 'fish' the word is a Western Indo-European isogloss shared between Celtic, Italic, and Germanic. The word may also be found in Slavic designating specific species of fish ('loach, 'gudgeon'), e.g. Pol. piskorz 'Peißker', Russ. пискаръ 'Gründling'.
  • de Vaan, Michiel: 467-468
    S.v. Lat. piscis 'fish' < Proto-Italic *piski- 'fish', an i-stem derivative of PIE *pisk- 'fish' (cf. OIr. íasc < *peisko-, Goth. fisks, OHG fisk < *pisko-).