Cognate Set 267 – Meaning: nose

IE-CoR reference form:
*(H)nā̆s-
IE-CoR reference language:
Proto-Indo-European
Ideophonic:
no
Parallel derivation:
no
Justification:
Indo-Iranic, Balto-Slavic, Germanic, and Italic lexemes continuing an Indo-European word for 'nose' traditionally reconstructed as *(H)nā̆s- (EIEC 395, cf. IEW 755), although Leiden school of Indo-European reconstructs an ablauting s-stem *neh₂-s- (cf. Kortlandt 1985b:119). The traditional reconstruction has been followed here for the purpose of a root reference form. For individual branches cf. EWAia II:30-31, ALEW 711, Derksen 2015:336-337, ESSJa 25:212-216, Derksen 2008:357, Kroonen 2013:383, de Vaan 2008:400)
Found in clades:
Baltic, Germanic, Indic, Iranic, Italic, Nuristani, Slavic
Revised by:
Matthew Scarborough
Found in 7 clades by 97 lexemes.
Language Lexeme Native script Phonetic Phonemic Notes
25   Bengali nāk নাক nak
79   Bulgarian nos нос nɔs nos
98   Belarusian nos нос nɔs nos
141   Catalan nas nas nas
93   Czech nos nɔs nos
110   Danish næse ˈnɛːsə
116   Dutch neus nøs
112   English nose nəʊz
104   Faroese nøs nøːs
117   Flemish neus
136   French nez ne ne
114   Frisian noas no.əs
122   German Nase ˈnaːzə ˈnaːzə
29   Hindi nāka नाक nɑk nɑk
129   Italian naso ˈnaːzo ˈnazo
34   Kashmiri nas نس nɑs nɑs
131   Ladin nes ˈnes
76   Lithuanian nósis ˈnoːsʲɪs ˈnoːsʲɪs
95   Sorbian: Lower nos nɔs nos
94   Sorbian: Upper nós nʊs nʊs
80   Macedonian nos нос no̞s nos
33   Marathi nāka नाक nak
31   Nepali nāk नाक nak
88   Polish nos nɔs nos
144   Portuguese nariz nɐˈɾiʃ nɐˈɾiʃ
105   Norwegian: Bokmål nese (nase) ˈnèːsə ˈnèːsɛ
97   Russian nos нос nɔs nos
134   Sardinian: Logudoro nasu ˈnaːzu ˈnaːzu
133   Sardinian: Nuoro nasu ˈnaːzu ˈnaːzu
83   Serbo-Croat nos nô̞ːs nôːs
23   Sinhalese nahaya නහය
91   Slovak nos nɔs nos
85   Slovene nos nóːs nóːs
143   Spanish nariz naˈɾiθ naˈɾiθ
109   Swedish näsa ˈnɛ̀ːsa Removed NOS.
99   Ukrainian nìs ніс nʲis nis
137   Walloon né ne ne
78   Old Church Slavonic nosŭ носъ nɔsʊ̆ nosʊ
124   Latin nāsus ˈnaːsus ˈnaːsus gen. nāsī
121   Luxembourgish Nues nuəs nuəs
77   Old Prussian nozy
21   Vedic: Early nā́ḥ नाः ˈnaːh náːs du. nā́sā ~ nā́sau
30   Urdu nāk ناک nɑk
26   Maithili nāk नाक nɑk
130   Friulian nâs ˈnaːs ˈnaːs
46   Avestan: Younger nāh 𐬥𐬁𐬵 naːh
65   Old Persian nāh 𐎴𐎠𐏃 naːh
108   Old Swedish näsa ˈnæsa næsa
22   Pali nāsā nāsā naːsaː naːsaː
51   Wakhi mis mis
90   Polabian nös nœs nœs
89   Kashubian nos nɔs nos
53   Yaghnobi nai̯s ˈnai̯s western dialect
125   Romanian nas nas nas
128   Neapolitan naso ˈnasə ˈnasə
135   Anglo-Norman nes
139   Franco-Provençal nâ ˈnɑ ˈnɑ
142   Old Spanish nariz naˈɾidz
27   Magahi nāk नाक nɑk
35   Palula náas ناس n̪aːs náas
28   Bhojpuri nāk नाक nɑk
75   Latgalian nuoss ˈnuɔsː nuɔss
87   Old Polish nos nɔs nos
92   Old Czech nos nɔs nos
96   Old Novgorod nosŭ носъ nɔs nɔs
100   Rusyn n′ïs ˈ(nʲ/ɲ)i̞s ˈnʲi̞s
81   Macedonian: Suho nòs no̞s nos
82   Macedonian: Visoka nòs no̞s nos
86   Slovene: Kostel nos no̝ːs no̝ːs
84   Slovene: Early Modern núṡ
123   German: Bernese Nase nasə nasə
24   Assamese nāk নাক nɑk Beng.
32   Punjabi nakk ਨੱਕ
48   Sogdian nas ns nas reconstructed from M ns
138   Old Occitan nas
126   Megleno-Romanian nas
47   Khwarazmian nāc nʾc naːt͜sa
140   Old Catalan nas nas nas
37   Gawarbati naasi ناسی n̪ãːˈsi naːsi GM nās'ī
38   Khowar naskar نسکار n̪ɜ̃sˈkɑˑɾ̥ nɑskɑ́ɾ
36   Gawri näzōr نزور n̪əˈzo̰ːɾ̥ nazoːr H(L)
127   Dalmatian: Vegliote nuọs nuos or nus
119   Old High German nasa ˈnasa ˈnasa
113   Old Frisian nose ˈnoze ˈnose
120   Middle High German nase ˈnasə ˈnasə
111   Old English nosu ˈnozu ˈnosu
118   Old Saxon nasa ˈnaza ˈnasa
115   Middle Dutch nuese ˈnøːzə ˈnøːzə
106   Norwegian: Nynorsk nase ˈnɑːsə ˈnɑːsɛ
145   Portuguese: Brazilian nariz
45   Vâsi-vari: Paṣki n′as nˈəs nˈɨs nˈɨs
39   Pashai: North-West nasə نسه ˈnasːə nasə Most body part nouns require conjugation according to their possessor. We chose the third person singular. The same is true for all the following (in any case where there are multiple forms). In the case of this word for 'nose', the pronunciation changes dramatically according to possessor: [nos] vs. [nasə].
40   Kamviri nâs′uř nazˈuɹ nasˈuɹ
41   Kâta-vari: Eastern nâs′uň nas′ũř nasˈũɹ̃ nasˈuɹ̃
42   Kâta-vari: Ktivi nâs′uř nasˈuɹ nasˈuɹ
43   Kalaṣa-alâ: Nišeigrâm nâs nˈa̞s nˈa̞s
132   Milanese nàs nas
References
  • Derksen, Rick: 357
    S.v. Proto-Slavic *nosъ 'nose', following Kortlandt (1985b:119) from PIE *nh₂-es-/*neh₂-s- (cf. Skt. nás-, Lat. nāris, OHG nasa 'nose').
  • Derksen, Rick: 336-337
    S.v. Lith. nósis, following Kortlandt (1985b:119) from PIE *nh₂-es-/*neh₂-s- (cf. Skt. nás-, Lat. nāris, OHG nasa 'nose').
  • Hock, Wolfgang and Fecht, Rainer and Feulner, Anna Helene and Hill, Eugen and Wodtko, Dagmar S.: 711
    S.v. OLith. nósis 'Nase' (BSl. Latv. nãss, nãse 'Nasenflügel, Nüster', OPr. nozy 'Nase', OCS nosъ 'Nase'), from PIE *nā́s-/*nas- 'Nasenflügel, Nüster' (cf. Ved. n.du. nā́sā, g.du. nasóṣ 'Nase', YAv. n.du. nā̊ŋha 'Nase', OPers. a.sg. nāham 'Nase', Lat. naris 'Nasenloch, Nüster', nāsus, nāsum 'Nase', ON nǫs, n.pl. nasar 'Nasenloch, Nüster', OE nasu, etc.).
  • Kortlandt, Frederik: 119
    Reconstructs a paradigm nom.sg. *neh₂s, acc.sg. *neh₂sm, gen.sg. *nh₂os.
  • Kroonen, Guus: 383
    S.v. Proto-Germanic *nasō- ~ *nusō- 'nose', as though from PIE *nh̥₂-s-eh₂-. Traditionally the root is reconstructed as *nā̆s- with a-vocalism (Pokorny IEW: 755), but Kortlandt (1985b:119) postulated an ablauting s-stem nom. *néh₂-s, gen. *nh₂-s-ós, acc. *nh₂-és-m in order to account for the ablaut of e.g. Lith. nósis < *neh₂-s- vs. Ru. nos < *nh₂-es-.
  • Mallory, James P.: 395
    Cf. s.v. NOSE *hₓnáss ~ *hₓnā́s (gen. hₓnasos) 'nose'.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred: II:30-31
    S.v. Ved. nás- 'Nase' (YAv. nā̊ŋha), from PIE *(H)nas- (cf. Lat. nāris, Lith. nósis, OHG nasa, Russ.-CS nosъ 'Nase', etc.).
  • Pokorny, Julius: 755
    S.v. nas- ‚Nase‘ (näs- aus den dehnstufen Kasus dieses kons. St., ursprüngl. dem Nom. Sg.), ursprüngl. wohl ‚Nasenloch‘
  • Scarborough, Matthew:
    The reconstruction for the PIE form underlying this class is disputed. Traditionally *(H)nas- (cf. IEW 755, Mayrhofer, EWAia s.v. Ved. nás-, ALEW s.v. Lith. nósis), elsewhere Kortlandt (1985b:119) argues for a reconstruction as an s-stem to a root *neh₂-. For the purposes of a root ref. form I give *(H)nā̆s-.
  • Trubačev, O. N.: 25: 212-216
    S.v. PS *nosŭ.
  • de Vaan, Michiel: 400
    S.v. Lat. nāris 'nose; pl. nostrils, nose', from PIE *Hneh₂-s-, *Hnh₂-es-, *Hnh₂-s- (cf. Skt. nas- 'nose', YAv. nā̊ŋha, (nom.acc.du.?), Lith. nósis, Latv. nãss, RuCS nosъ, OHG nasa, OE nasu 'nose').